Nonrandom chromosomal aberrations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia revealed by polyclonal B-cell-mitogen stimulation

Abstract

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 11 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia were stimulated by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia (LPS), and phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Chromosome analysis with the Q-banding technique after 5 days incubation revealed an extra chromosome 12 in 5 of the patients and a translocation between chromosome 11 and chromosome 14 in 1. Two patients had a deletion of chromosome 6, and only 3 patients had a normal karyotype. In most patients, the abnormalities were found in the majority of metaphases after stimulation with EBV, LPS, or both mitogens, while PHA revealed a normal karyotype, with the exception of a total of 4 metaphases in 3 patients. An extra chromosome 12 appears to be specifically associated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in this disease appears to be much higher than has previously been thought.

A chromosome 12 coding region is juxtaposed to the MYC protooncogene locus in a t(8; 12)(q24;q22) translocation in a case of B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia

“…Numerical or structural chromosomal 12 abnormalities are often observed in B-cell chronic lymphocytic proliferations and are considered to be of prognostic value (Gahrton et al, 1980;Knuutila et a]. , 1986).…”

Frequent clonal abnormalities of chromosome band 13q 14 in b‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Multiple clones, subclones, and nonclonal alterations in 82 midwestern patients

“…The introduction of B-cell mitogens (Robert et al, 1978) into cytogenetic techniques has made it possible to karyotype the lymphocytes in Kcell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) (Autio et al, 1979;Gahrton et al, 1980) and to define the cytogenetic abnormalities in this disease. Initial studies have shown that B-CLL is a cytogenetically heterogeneous disease, although several recurring abnormalities have emerged.…”

Simultaneous occurrence of acute monoblastic leukemia and an abnormal B‐cell clone with both cell types characterized by specific cytogenetic and immunological markers

“…In fact, these cultures aimed at obtaining metaphases from peripheral T-cells in order to verify the constitutional karyotype of the patient and, indeed, the majority of the metaphases were normal. The cytogenetic abnormalities trisomy 12 and t( 14; 18) (q32;q21) have been specifically associated with CLL, lymphocytic lymphomas and follicular lymphomas (9,10). Immunologically, CLL and lymphocytic lymphoma are characterized by moderate expression of SmIg and positivity for T1 antigen (37,38).…”

“…In lymphoproliferative disorders, the 14q + is the most commonly reported abnormality: it originates from various translocations, some of them showing specificity like the t(8;14)(q22;q32) in Burkitt lymphomas and ALL-L3 (7, 8) and the t( 14; 18)(q32;q21) in follicular lymphomas (9). Trisomy of chromosome 12 is frequently found in CLL and in small cell lymphocytic lymphomas (9,10). Until recently, for the immunological classification of lymphoproliferative disorders, traditional cell markers were used, such as surface membrane and cytoplasmic immunoglobulin (Ig) and the receptor for sheep red blood cells.…”