Nonphotochemical Laser-Induced Nucleation of Potassium Halides: Effects of Wavelength and Temperature

Ward, Martin R.; Alexander, Andrew J.

doi:10.1021/cg300750c

Cited by 39 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…These threshold values are very similar to those observed from NPLIN of crystals from solution; Ward and Alexander measured thresholds of 4.8 ± 0.3 MW cm −2 and 5.6 ± 0.5 MW cm −2 for KBr and KCl solutions at 532 nm, respectively. 17 The similarity of the thresholds suggests that the mechanism for NPLIN of crystals is closely linked to that of bubbles. However, the quadratic dependence of the number of bubbles versus power density is different in comparison to the linear dependence observed for NPLIN of crystals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Laser-induced nucleation of carbon dioxide bubbles

Ward

Jamieson

Leckey

et al. 2015

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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A detailed experimental study of laser-induced nucleation (LIN) of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas bubbles is presented. Water and aqueous sucrose solutions supersaturated with CO2 were exposed to single nanosecond pulses (5 ns, 532 nm, 2.4-14.5 MW cm(-2)) and femtosecond pulses (110 fs, 800 nm, 0.028-11 GW cm(-2)) of laser light. No bubbles were observed with the femtosecond pulses, even at high peak power densities (11 GW cm(-2)). For the nanosecond pulses, the number of bubbles produced per pulse showed a quadratic dependence on laser power, with a distinct power threshold below which no bubbles were observed. The number of bubbles observed increases linearly with sucrose concentration. It was found that filtering of solutions reduces the number of bubbles significantly. Although the femtosecond pulses have higher peak power densities than the nanosecond pulses, they have lower energy densities per pulse. A simple model for LIN of CO2 is presented, based on heating of nanoparticles to produce vapor bubbles that must expand to reach a critical bubble radius to continue growth. The results suggest that non-photochemical laser-induced nucleation of crystals could also be caused by heating of nanoparticles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Similar threshold powers have been observed previously for NPLIN of crystals. 6,9,17 The experimental data were modeled using the following expressions:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-induced nucleation of carbon dioxide bubbles

Ward

Jamieson

Leckey

et al. 2015

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…50,51 However, these prior reports resulted in non-reversible formation of a photoproduct rather than perturbing an equilibrium as we demonstrate here for the formation of ETPI-CC. Non-photochemical irradiation has also been used to induce nucleation of both inorganic [52][53][54][55] and organic materials, [56][57][58][59][60] although the suggested origin of this effect differs greatly. 61 We believe the adaption of the photocrystallisation method outlined here should be a viable route to single crystals for many systems that switch between different structural forms following irradiation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocrystallisation of the 2C–2′C dimer of a triphenylimidazolyl radical

et al. 2014

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“…Full details of the "dielectric" CNT are given in ref 7 but it has been applied successfully -threshold notwithstanding -to KCl trapped in gels, 8 and to other potassium halide solutions where the variations of nucleation probability with solute dielectric properties, laser wavelength, and temperature were explored systematically. 11 Nonetheless, the model cannot be entirely correct. Firstly, a subcritical cluster is idealized as a spherical dielectric cavity immersed in a dielectric continuum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Dynamics of Potassium Chloride in Aqueous Solution

2014

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The structure and dynamics of potassium chloride in aqueous solution over a wide range of concentrations-and in particular beyond saturation-are studied using molecular dynamics simulations to help shed light on recent experimental studies of nonphotochemical laser-induced nucleation (NPLIN). In NPLIN experiments, the duration, t, of the laser pulse (with wavelength 1064 nm) is found to influence the occurrence of crystal nucleation in supersaturated KCl(aq): if t is less than about 5 ps, no crystal nucleation is observed; if t is greater than about 100 ps, crystal nucleation is observed, and with a known dependence on laser power. Assuming that the laser acts on spontaneously formed solute clusters, these observations suggest that there are transient structures in supersaturated solutions with relaxation times on the scale of 5-100 ps. Ion-cluster formation and ion-cluster lifetimes are calculated according to various criteria, and it is found that, in the supersaturated regime, there are indeed structures with relaxation times of up to 100 ps. In addition, the ion dynamics in this regime is found to show signs of collective behavior, as evidenced by stretched exponential decay of the self-intermediate scattering function. Although these results do not explain the phenomenon of NPLIN, they do provide insights into possible relevant dynamical factors in supersaturated aqueous solutions of potassium chloride.

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Nonphotochemical Laser-Induced Nucleation of Potassium Halides: Effects of Wavelength and Temperature

Cited by 39 publications

References 54 publications

Laser-induced nucleation of carbon dioxide bubbles

Laser-induced nucleation of carbon dioxide bubbles

Photocrystallisation of the 2C–2′C dimer of a triphenylimidazolyl radical

Structure and Dynamics of Potassium Chloride in Aqueous Solution

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