Nonpharmacological Treatment of Alzheimer Disease

Ballard, Clive; Khan, Zunera; Clack, Hannah; Corbett, Anne

doi:10.1177/070674371105601004

Cited by 86 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Cognitive training involves the use of guided standardized tasks through which people with AD are taught theory-based strategies and abilities to improve their cognitive functioning. This type of intervention can be conducted both individually as well as in a group and can also include computer-based training (Ballard, Khan, Clack, & Corbett, 2011;Kurz et al, 2012), and varying difficulty levels are offered based on the severity of cognitive impairment. Cognitive rehabilitation (also referred to as cognitive remediation), unlike cognitive training and cognitive stimulation programs, aims to develop and implement cognitive strategies applied to specific ADLs through the use of task-specific techniques and external supports (Grandmaison & Simard, 2003;Kurz et al, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are cognitive interventions effective in Alzheimer’s disease? A controlled meta-analysis of the effects of bias.

Oltra-Cucarella¹,

Pérez-Elvira²,

Espert³

et al. 2016

Neuropsychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: There is limited evidence about the efficacy of cognitive interventions for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, aside from the methodological quality of the studies analyzed, the methodology used in previous meta-analyses is itself a risk of bias as different types of effect sizes (ESs) were calculated and combined. This study aimed at examining the results of nonpharmacological interventions for AD with an adequate control of statistical methods and to demonstrate a different approach to meta-analysis. Method: ESs were calculated with the independent groups pre/post design. Average ESs for separate outcomes were calculated and moderator analyses were performed so as to offer an overview of the effects of bias. Results: Eighty-seven outcomes from 19 studies (n = 812) were meta-analyzed. ESs were small on average for cognitive and functional outcomes after intervention. Moderator analyses showed no effect of control of bias, although ESs were different from zero only in some circumstances (e.g., memory outcomes in randomized studies). Cognitive interventions showed no more efficacy than placebo interventions, and functional ESs were consistently low across conditions. Conclusions: cognitive interventions delivered may not be effective in AD probably due to the fact that the assumptions behind the cognitive interventions might be inadequate. Future directions include a change in the type of intervention as well as the use of outcomes other than standardized tests. Additional studies with larger sample sizes and different designs are needed to increase the power of both primary studies and meta-analyses.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are cognitive interventions effective in Alzheimer’s disease? A controlled meta-analysis of the effects of bias.

Oltra-Cucarella¹,

Pérez-Elvira²,

Espert³

et al. 2016

Neuropsychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Suppression of tau phosphorylation by lithium, an inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3b, mitigates neurodegeneration and improves cognitive function in an animal model of AD. 2 Other candidates that dampen neurodegeneration in AD include microtubule stabilizers, antioxidants, mitochondrial protectors, immune response modulators and autophagy inducers. 13 Nevertheless, none of the agents thus far mentioned has demonstrated beneficial effects in clinical trials, even though they ameliorate histopathological and behavioral findings in AD model animals.…”

Section: Development Of Therapies Targeting Abnormal Protein Accumulamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Although these disease-modifying therapies are expected to halt or slow the fundamental pathological processes, most candidate agents identified in animal studies did not demonstrate disease-modifying effects in clinical trials. 2,3 Here, we review examples of disease-modifying therapies for neurodegenerative diseases, and discuss challenges and innovation of the translational research on fatal neurological disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translational research on disease‐modifying therapies for neurodegenerative diseases

Katsuno

Watanabe

Tanaka

et al. 2013

Neurology & Clinical Neurosc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of disorders that affect a certain population of neurons, and are characterized by progressive impairment of cognitive and/ or motor function. Although most current therapies aim at symptomatic relief, recent studies using cellular and animal models have given insight into the molecular pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and the development of diseasemodifying therapies that slow neurodegeneration. However, few clinical trials have confirmed the efficacy of disease-modifying therapy for neurological deficits. For successful translational research on neurodegenerative disorders, several challenges in basic and clinical studies should be overcome. Elucidation of the molecular basis for neurodegeneration and creation of animal models that faithfully replicate human pathology are fundamental to basic studies, while the efficiency of clinical trials needs to be improved by establishing sensitive outcome measures, enrichment of trial designs by identifying the target individuals who are expected to show a high response, and innovative study designs. Initiation of therapy at the presymptomatic stage is another key to the successful development of disease-modifying therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. Although accumulation of abnormal proteins is thought to be the pivotal molecular trigger of neurodegeneration, it has also been revealed that disease progression is influenced by various factors, including the neuron-glia interaction and the propagation of causative proteins. The entire mechanism of neurodegeneration appears to be more complicated than hitherto expected, and thus therapies that target multiple molecular pathways also need to be developed.

show abstract

“…Various non-pharmacological treatments like cognitive training, cognitive rehabilitation, and cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) have been tried with limited benefits in management of AD [54] . Cognitive rehabilitation showed functional benefits in AD however the clinical data is limited.…”

Section: Non-pharmacological Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These drugs can interfere with the progression of cognitive impairment and interact with several drugs including ACHEI [54] . Thus, non-pharmacological treatments are preferred for behavioural symptoms, which include some specific tasks or exercises [54] .…”

Section: Treatment Of Behavioural and Psychological Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Alzheimers Disease: Role of Existing Therapies, Traditional Medicines and New Treatment Targets

Malve¹

2017

ijps

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Nonpharmacological Treatment of Alzheimer Disease

Abstract: Objective: To review the key nonpharmacological treatment approaches to the cognitive and functional symptoms of Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods:We searched and critically analyzed the most recent relevant literature pertaining to the nonpharmacological treatment of AD.

Cited by 86 publications

References 35 publications

Are cognitive interventions effective in Alzheimer’s disease? A controlled meta-analysis of the effects of bias.

Are cognitive interventions effective in Alzheimer’s disease? A controlled meta-analysis of the effects of bias.

Translational research on disease‐modifying therapies for neurodegenerative diseases

Management of Alzheimers Disease: Role of Existing Therapies, Traditional Medicines and New Treatment Targets

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About