Nonparametric Pairwise Multiple Comparisons in Independent Groups using Dunn's Test

Dinno, Alexis

doi:10.1177/1536867x1501500117

Cited by 714 publications

(516 citation statements)

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“…We employed the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallace H test that analyzes rank score, with follow-up Dunn’s tests as an appropriate replacement for ANOVA with Bonferroni corrections that does not have the assumption of normality or equivalent distributions (Dinno, 2015; Dunn, 1961; Kruskal & Wallace, 1952). The test showed there was a statistically significant difference in open-ended performance on the self-generation task between grade levels, χ 2 (3) = 33.75, p < 0.001, with a mean rank score of 105.62 for kindergarten, 134.40 for 1 st grade, 135.41 for 2 nd grade, and 176.54 for 3 rd grade.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Going beyond the lesson: Self-generating new factual knowledge in the classroom

Esposito

Bauer

2017

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology

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For children to build a knowledge base, they must integrate and extend knowledge acquired across separate episodes of new learning. Children’s performance was assessed in a task requiring them to self-generate new factual knowledge from the integration of novel facts presented through separate lessons in the classroom. Whether self-generation performance predicted academic outcomes in reading comprehension and mathematics was also examined. The 278 participating children were in grades K-3 (mean age 7.7 years; range 5.5–10.3 years). Children self-generated new factual knowledge through integration in the classroom; age-related increases were observed. Self-generation performance predicted both reading comprehension and mathematics academic outcomes, even when controlling for caregiver education.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Going beyond the lesson: Self-generating new factual knowledge in the classroom

Esposito

Bauer

2017

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology

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“…χ 2 or Fisher’s exact tests for categorical variables and Mann-Whitney or Kruskall-Wallis (with Dunn test for multiple comparisons) tests for continuous variables were applied as appropriate 25. Linear regression was performed to assess the association of time to each autonomic symptom with clinical features.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of autonomic symptoms with disease progression and survival in progressive supranuclear palsy

Oliveira

Ling

Lees

et al. 2018

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry

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BackgroundDevelopment of autonomic failure is associated with more rapid disease course and shorter survival in patients with Parkinson’s disease and multiple system atrophy. However, autonomic symptoms have not been specifically assessed as a prognostic factor in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). We evaluated whether development of autonomic symptoms is associated with disease progression and survival in PSP.MethodsA retrospective review of clinical data from consecutive patients with autopsy-confirmed PSP from the Queen Square Brain Bank between January 2012 and November 2016 was performed. Time from disease onset to four autonomic symptoms (constipation, urinary symptoms, erectile dysfunction and orthostatic hypotension) were noted. Time from diagnosis to five disease milestones and survival were calculated to assess disease progression, and their risk was estimated through a Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsA total of 103 PSP patients were included. Urinary symptoms and constipation were present in 81% and 71% of cases, respectively. Early development of constipation and urinary symptoms were associated with higher risk of reaching the first disease milestone (respectively, HR: 0.88; 95% CI 0.83 to 0.92; p<0.001; and HR: 0.80; 95% CI 0.75 to 0.86; p<0.001) and with a shorter survival in these patients (respectively, HR: 0.73; 95% CI 0.64 to 0.84; p<0.001; and HR: 0.88; 95% CI 0.80 to 0.96; p=0.004). On multivariate analysis, Richardson syndrome phenotype was the other variable independently associated with shorter survival.ConclusionsEarlier urinary symptoms and constipation are associated with a more rapid disease progression and reduced survival in patients with PSP.

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“…Following the Kruskal-Wallis test, the Dunn-Bonferroni post hoc test was used to test for significance in the difference between the medians of any two categories of a given variable. The Dunn-Bonferroni test controls for familywise error when conducting multiple pairwise comparisons 20. The Mann-Whitney test was used to test for significance in the difference between median concentrations in HIV-positive and HIV-negative samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%