Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease

Stacy, Mark

doi:10.3109/00207454.2011.620196

Cited by 44 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…For example, the effects of DA agonists on the mesolimbic pathway could be responsible for impulse control disorders such as compulsive gambling, compulsive shopping, and hypersexuality [7, 28]. In addition, an injury to the autonomic nervous system can be observed in various peripheral NMS such as orthostatic hypotension, functional bladder disorder, excessive sweating, erectile dysfunction, and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as constipation, drooling, dysphagia, and nausea [4, 6, 13, 16, 26, 28]. Other nonmotor features that are still poorly categorized include pain, fatigue, unexplained weight changes, and visual as well as olfactory disturbances.…”

Section: The Importance Of Nonmotor Symptoms In Parkinson's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…GI disorders are among the most common causes of emergency admission and often result in severe complications such as malnutrition (15% of PD patients), pulmonary aspiration (2.4% of PD patients), megacolon (mostly asymptomatic; incidence unknown), intestinal obstruction (rarely reported; incidence unknown), and even intestinal perforation (a few cases reported; incidence unknown) [34–38]. Moreover, older age, DAergic medication, and higher disease severity are usually associated with these nonmotor features [28]. Hence, GI symptoms reflect disturbances of GI tract motility at all levels.…”

Section: Gi Manifestations In Autonomic Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gastrointestinal Dysfunctions in Parkinson’s Disease: Symptoms and Treatments

Poirier

Aubé

Côté

et al. 2016

Parkinson's Disease

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A diagnosis of Parkinson's disease is classically established after the manifestation of motor symptoms such as rigidity, bradykinesia, and tremor. However, a growing body of evidence supports the hypothesis that nonmotor symptoms, especially gastrointestinal dysfunctions, could be considered as early biomarkers since they are ubiquitously found among confirmed patients and occur much earlier than their motor manifestations. According to Braak's hypothesis, the disease is postulated to originate in the intestine and then spread to the brain via the vagus nerve, a phenomenon that would involve other neuronal types than the well-established dopaminergic population. It has therefore been proposed that peripheral nondopaminergic impairments might precede the alteration of dopaminergic neurons in the central nervous system and, ultimately, the emergence of motor symptoms. Considering the growing interest in the gut-brain axis in Parkinson's disease, this review aims at providing a comprehensive picture of the multiple gastrointestinal features of the disease, along with the therapeutic approaches used to reduce their burden. Moreover, we highlight the importance of gastrointestinal symptoms with respect to the patients' responses towards medical treatments and discuss the various possible adverse interactions that can potentially occur, which are still poorly understood.

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Section: The Importance Of Nonmotor Symptoms In Parkinson's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gi Manifestations In Autonomic Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal Dysfunctions in Parkinson’s Disease: Symptoms and Treatments

Poirier

Aubé

Côté

et al. 2016

Parkinson's Disease

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“…In addition to motor impairments, non-motor symptoms can include autonomic and sensory dysfunction, sleep disturbances, behavioral problems and cognitive decline [1]. The impact of non-motor symptoms in PD is substantial and needs to be considered when planning long-term care and treatment for PD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Cortical Atrophy in Parkinson's Disease Patients with Dementia

Hwang

Beyer

Green

et al. 2013

Journal of Parkinson's Disease

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Background: Cognitive impairment is very common in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Brain changes accompanying cognitive decline in PD are still not fully established. Methods: We applied cortical pattern matching and cortical thickness analyses to the three-dimensional T1-weighted brain MRI scans of 14 age-matched cognitively normal elderly (NC), 12 cognitively normal PD (PDC), and 11 PD dementia (PDD) subjects. We used linear regression models to investigate the effect of diagnosis on cortical thickness. All maps were adjusted for multiple comparisons using permutation testing with a threshold p < 0.01. Results: PDD showed significantly thinner bilateral sensorimotor, perisylvian, lateral parietal, as well as right posterior cingulate, parieto-occipital, inferior temporal and lateral frontal cortices relative to NC (left p corrected = 0.06, right p corrected = 0.009). PDD showed significantly thinner bilateral sensorimotor, right frontal and right parietal-occipital cortices relative to PDC (right p corrected = 0.05). The absolute difference in cortical thickness between PDD and the other diagnostic groups ranged from 3% to 19%. Conclusion:Our data shows that cognitive decline in PD is associated with cortical atrophy. PDD subjects have the most widespread gray matter atrophy suggesting more cortical involvement as PD patients progress to dementia.

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“…Nonmotor symptoms include: depression, cognitive impairment, autonomic and sensor symptoms (2,3). It can be very complicated to identify depression in PD patients who have cognitive impairment, for known depression scales are not reliable markers to evaluate depression (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multisystem degenerative disorder which is characterized by a combination of motor and non-motor symptoms (1,2). Nonmotor symptoms include: depression, cognitive impairment, autonomic and sensor symptoms (2,3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression in patients with Parkinson's disease with dementia

Perovic

Cukic

2017

Sanamed

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Introduction: Parkinson's disease is a multisystem disorder which is characterized by a combination of motor and non-motor symptoms. Non-motor symptoms include: depression, cognitive impairment, autonomic and sensor symptoms. It is difficult to detect and treat depression symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease with dementia. Early identification and treatment of depression symptoms can greatly improve the quality of life in these patients, as well as facilitate the quality of caregivers' lives. Goal of the paper: The aim of our research was to evaluate frequency of depression occurrence in patients with Parkinson's disease with cognitive impairment. Patients and methods: We did a prospective study which included 59 PD patients, who came for a regular check-up to Neurological infirmary of the General Hospital in Niksic, in the interval from 1st January 2016to 31st December 2016, all of whom were previously diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. We tested their cognitive status using the Mini Mental State Examination scale. Out of 59 patients, 32 displayed cognitive deficit and were included in further research. We gave directions about testing to guardians or caregivers of the patients who displayed moderate or distinct cognitive impairment. The testing was done on the next check-up, with Cornell's depression scale. Results: Research showed that out of 32 patients, 5 (15.6%) didn't suffer from depression, 8 (25%) probably suffered from major depression, while 19 (59.4%) definitely suffered from major depression. On the cognitive scale, 6 (18.8%) patients had mild, 11 (34.4%) moderate and 15 (46.9%) distinct cognitive deficit. Out of 8 patients with probable depression 3 (9.4%) had mild, 3 (9.4%) had moderate and 2 (6.2%) distinct cognitive deficit. We can also: conclude that out of 19 (59.4%) with certain depression, 1 (3.1%) had mild, 5 (15.6%) had medium severe, and 13 (40.6%) had severe cognitive deficit. Conclusion: Prevalence of depression and dementia in Parkinson's diseasepatients is high. Our patients have moderate cognitive deficit in 34.4% of the cases, and distinct cognitive deficit in 46.9% of the cases; while 59.4% definitely suffers from major depression at some point of their illness. Their early detection is of great importance for treatment and quality of life of these patients.

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Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 44 publications

References 95 publications

Gastrointestinal Dysfunctions in Parkinson’s Disease: Symptoms and Treatments

Gastrointestinal Dysfunctions in Parkinson’s Disease: Symptoms and Treatments

Mapping Cortical Atrophy in Parkinson's Disease Patients with Dementia

Depression in patients with Parkinson's disease with dementia

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