Nonlocal conductivity in high-temperature superconductors

Phillipson, S. J.; Moore, M. A.; Blum, Thomas

doi:10.1103/physrevb.57.5512

Phys. Rev. B

1998

DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.57.5512

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Nonlocal conductivity in high-temperature superconductors

S. J. Phillipson

M. A. Moore

Thomas Blum

Abstract: We examine nonlocal conductivity in high-temperature superconductors from a phenomenological point of view. One wants to deduce the properties of the conductivity, especially its inherent length scales, from the transport data. Although this is a challenging inverse problem, complicated further by the experimental data not being completely self-consistent, we have made some progress. We find that if a certain form for the conductivity is postulated then one requires positive ''viscosity'' coefficients to repro… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

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“…This was observed in films with much higher resistivity, as those reported in [2], and/or with relatively high electrical contact resistance. Note also that the voltage and current patterns are expected to be sample dependent [7], influenced partially by the sample surface [8]. Therefore, a careful study of the nonlocal effects is necessary to distinguish between different contributions.…”

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Kopelevich and Esquinazi Reply:

Kopelevich

Esquinazi

1999

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Kopelevich and Esquinazi Reply: In their Comment, Miu, Jakob, and Adrian [1] have questioned a nonlocal origin of the in-plane voltage measured in YBa 2 Cu 3 O 72x (Y123) high-T c films with electrodes situated outside the electrical current path [2].(1) The authors [1] claim that the nonlocal voltage V 56 ͑I, T ͒ due to vortex-antivortex dynamics should be undetectable in the configuration used in [2]. In particular, a very short characteristic range for the vortexantivortex interaction L 2l L ͑T ͒ 2 ͞l c was calculated, i.e., L͑T ϳ T ub ͒ ϳ 4 mm assuming the effective correlation length along the c axis l c equal to the film thickness t Ӎ 400 nm. T ub is the vortex-antivortex unbinding temperature (88.97 K for sample 1 and 88.5 K for sample 2 [2]). However, in the vicinity of T ub the threshold current I c ͑T ͒, due to a finite Josephson interplane coupling, is negligibly small [2], suggesting that at T ϳ T ub the decoupling of the superconducting CuO 2 layers takes place. Hence, the correlation length l c at T ϳ T ub should be much smaller than the film thickness t. At large enough measuring currents and/or T . T ub the correlation along the c axis disappears (see Ref.[12] in [2]), l c reduces to the spacing between the superconducting layers s ϳ 1 nm, and one gets L . 1.5 mm at T . T ub for both samples 1 and 2, which is comparable to the length of the films. Therefore the nonlocal voltage V 56 ͑I, T ͒ should be detectable at T ϳ T ub , as was found [2]. We stress that the sample characteristics such as, e.g., O content, may influence the correlation length. Our measurements, performed on Y123 films having a finite I c ͑T ͒ up to T c0 (sample 3 in [2]) and hence larger l c , have revealed a much smaller nonlocal V 56 ͑I, T ͒ signal indeed (see Fig. 5 in Ref. [2]).(2) The authors [1] pointed out that the mixed state that is supposed to arise from the magnetic field generated by the applied current I 14 may influence the measurements. Let us assume that at large enough currents the measured V 23 ͑I 14 ͒ characteristics originate from the flow of the field-induced vortices. Then, we have, e.g., at T 91 K, the linear "flux flow" resistivity r L 96 mV cm (see Fig. 4 in Ref. [2]). The local current I 14 100 mA generates a self-field (in the region between contacts 1 and 4) H 2I 14 ͞c p wt͞2 Ӎ 11 Oe [3], where w is the film's width. According to Bardeen-Stephen and Nozieres-Vinen models r ff r n ͑H͞H c2 ͒, where the upper critical field near the superconducting transition temperature H c2 ͑T ͒ Ӎ ͑dH c2 ͞dT͒ ͑T c0 2 T͒, and r n is the normal state resistivity. With T c0 92 K, the onset superconducting transition temperature [at T , 92 K, nonlinear I-V characteristics were measured at intermediate currents (Fig. 4 in Ref.[2]), indicating that the film is in the superconducting state], r n ͑T ϳ T c0 ͒ 115 mV cm, and dH c2 ͞dT 2 T͞K [4,5], we calculate r ff ϳ 6.3 3 10 22 mV cm at T 91 K, which is several orders of magnitude smaller than the measured resistivity r L

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Kopelevich and Esquinazi Reply:

Kopelevich

Esquinazi

1999

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Vortex physics in confined geometries

Nelson

2000

Physica C: Superconductivity

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Patterned irradiation of cuprate superconductors with columnar defects allows a new generation of experiments which can probe the properties of vortex liquids by forcing them to flow in confined geometries. Such experiments can be used to distinguish experimentally between continuous disorder-driven glass transitions of vortex matter, such as the vortex glass or the Bose glass transition, and nonequilibrium polymer-like glass transitions driven by interaction and entanglement. For continuous glass transitions, an analysis of such experiments that combines an inhomogeneous scaling theory with the hydrodynamic description of viscous flow of vortex liquids can be used to infer the critical behavior. After generalizing vortex hydrodynamics to incorporate currents and field gradients both longitudinal and transverse to the applied field, the critical exponents for all six vortex liquid viscosities are obtained. In particular, the shear viscosity is predicted to diverge as |T − TBG| −νz at the Bose glass transition, with ν ≃ 1 and z ≃ 4.6 the dynamical critical exponent. The scaling behavior of the ac resistivity is also derived. As concrete examples of flux flow in confined geometries, flow in a channel and in the Corbino disk geometry are discussed in detail. Finally, the implications of scaling for the hydrodynamic description of transport in the dc flux transformer geometry are discussed.

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Long-Range Nonlocal Flow of Vortices in Narrow Superconducting Channels

et al. 2004

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We report a new nonlocal effect in vortex matter, where an electric current confined to a small region of a long and sufficiently narrow superconducting wire causes vortex flow at distances hundreds of intervortex separations away. The observed remote traffic of vortices is attributed to a very efficient transfer of a local strain through the one-dimensional vortex lattice (VL), even in the presence of disorder. We also observe mesoscopic fluctuations in the nonlocal vortex flow, which arise due to "traffic jams" when vortex arrangements do not match a local geometry of a superconducting channel.

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Nonlocal conductivity in high-temperature superconductors

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

Kopelevich and Esquinazi Reply:

Kopelevich and Esquinazi Reply:

Vortex physics in confined geometries

Long-Range Nonlocal Flow of Vortices in Narrow Superconducting Channels

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