Nonlinear wake potential and stopping power for charged particles interacting with a one-dimensional electron gas

Abstract

We examine the interaction of particles with a one-dimensional electron gas by employing the quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) theory, where the nonlinear wake potential and stopping power have been numerically calculated by solving the nonlinear QHD equations with flux corrected transport (FCT) numerical method. In our calculation, the nonlinear effects on the wake potential and stopping power are clearly observed and presented. In the moving coordinate, comparisons are made between the nonlinear and linear wake potentials, in which the maximum values are larger and more oscillations appear behind the projectile in a nonlinear case in contrast to that in a linear case. The nonlinear wake potentials show a clear dependence on time, that is, the FCT algorithm solves the nonlinear QHD equations by time integration starting from the initial time. It is shown that the nonlinear effects can enhance the wake potential and stopping power for particle velocities greater than a few Bohr velocities.

Two-dimensional quantum hydrodynamic model for the heating of a solid target using a Gaussian cluster

“…The aim of this paper is to extend our previous work (Zhang et al, 2011b) to a 2D case with an ion cluster interaction, moreover, the energy-balance equation is considered in this work. The 2D QHD approach will be employed to analyze the isochoric heating (i.e., heating at constant volume) of aluminum solid target under an ion cluster interaction, which can heat solid density material to warm dense states on a picosecond time scale.…”

“…Large number of calculations have been carried out by using the QHD model since the use of this theory was introduced (Chen et al, 1995;Haas et al, 2000;Manfredi and Haas, 2001), due to the advantages that the QHD equations are quite simple for numerical studies and have a straightforward interpretation in terms of fluid quantities that are employed in classical physics. In our previous work (Zhang et al, 2011b), we have simulated the wake potential and energy loss of a test charge propagating in a one-dimensional (1D) solid target, by using the 1D QHD theory. However, the QHD theory has not been applied to examine an ion cluster interacting with a two-dimensional (2D) solid target so far.…”

Stopping Power Modulation by Pump Waves of Charged Particles Moving above Two-Dimensional Electron Gases

“…In order to understand the interaction between charged particles and plasma targets in the presence of a laser field, a lot of theoretical studies have been carried out [33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. Within the dielectric formalism, Arist et al [33] studied the influence of a strong laser field on the stopping power for charged particles in low-density nondegenerate plasmas, and the expression of stopping power is given when a laser field exists.…”

Numerical Approach of Interactions of Proton Beams and Dense Plasmas with Quantum-Hydrodynamic/Particle-in-Cell Model

“…Wang et al [10] investigated laser beams interacting with compressed targets for the application of fast ignition (FI), by using an integrated particle-in-cell method. The case of a projectile charge interacting with a matter including electron gases and plasmas has been studied, not only within the framework of the linearized theories including the random phase-approximation (RPA) linear response theory [19] , the dielectric [20] and binary collision [21] theories, but also with the inclusion of the nonlinear contributions by using kinetic theory [22] and numerical simulations based on particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation, molecular dynamics (MD) [14,23] and hydrodynamics [24] . However, much work was based on the linearized theories.…”

“…The quantum hydrodynamic model (QHD) [32,33,36] , with considering the quantum effects, has been developed by solving the nonlinear Schördinger-Poisson or the Wigner-Poisson kinetic models. In our previous works, we simulated the wake potential and energy loss of a proton propagating in a 1D solid target by using the 1D QHD theory [24] . Again, the twodimensional (2D) QHD model was also employed to study a proton cluster [37] and a continuous proton beam [38] interacting with a solid aluminum target.…”