Nonlinear rheology of model filled elastomers

Papon, Aurélie; Montès, H.; Lequeux, François; Gallais, Laurent

doi:10.1002/polb.22151

Cited by 20 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The LAOS decoupling of simultaneous overall softening with local stiffening was also reported recently for a filled elastomer system [154]. Such physical insight may be able to inform constitutive models of this and other materials tested with LAOS, as recently demonstrated with nonlinear constitutive models to capture the biomechanics of hagfish gel [155] and gluten dough networks [156].…”

Section: Biopolymer Gelsupporting

confidence: 69%

A review of nonlinear oscillatory shear tests: Analysis and application of large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS)

Hyun

Wilhelm

Klein

et al. 2011

Progress in Polymer Science

1,233

699

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Dynamic oscillatory shear tests are common in rheology and have been used to investigate a wide range of soft matter and complex fluids including polymer melts and solutions, block copolymers, biological macromolecules, polyelectrolytes, surfactants, suspensions, emulsions and beyond. More specifically, Small Amplitude Oscillatory Shear (SAOS) tests have become the canonical method for probing the linear viscoelastic properties of these complex fluids because of the firm theoretical background [1][2][3][4] and the ease of implementing suitable test protocols. However, in most processing operations the deformations can be large and rapid: it is therefore the nonlinear material properties that control the system response. A full sample characterization thus requires well-defined nonlinear test protocols. Consequently there has been a recent renewal of interest in exploiting Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear (LAOS) tests to investigate and quantify the nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of complex fluids. In terms of the experimental input, both LAOS and SAOS require the user to select appropriate ranges of strain amplitude (γ 0 ) and frequency (ω). However, there is a distinct difference in the analysis of experimental output, i.e. the material response. At sufficiently large strain amplitude, the material response will become nonlinear in LAOS tests and the familiar material functions used to quantify the linear behavior in SAOS tests are no longer sufficient. For example, the definitions of the linear viscoelastic moduli G΄(ω) and G˝(ω) are based inherently on the assumption that the stress response is purely sinusoidal (linear). However, a nonlinear stress response is not a perfect sinusoid and therefore the viscoelastic moduli are not uniquely defined; other methods are needed for quantifying the nonlinear material response under LAOS deformation. In the present review article, we first summarize the typical nonlinear responses observed with complex fluids under LAOS deformations. We then introduce and critically compare several methods that quantify the nonlinear oscillatory stress response. We illustrate the utility and sensitivity of these protocols by investigating the nonlinear response of various complex fluids over a wide range of frequency and amplitude of deformation, and show that LAOS characterization is a rigorous test for rheological models and 3 advanced quality control.

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Section: Biopolymer Gelsupporting

confidence: 69%

A review of nonlinear oscillatory shear tests: Analysis and application of large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS)

Hyun

Wilhelm

Klein

et al. 2011

Progress in Polymer Science

1,233

699

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“…De Castro 129 found an increase in the 3rd harmonic contribution with both silica loading and surface area in NBR compounds. Papon et al 130,131 studied LAOS behavior of silica‐filled poly(ethyl acrylate), conducting a stress decomposition but not a harmonic analysis. They noted significant strain stiffening in silica‐filled elastomers at high strain amplitudes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations in rheological behavior between large amplitude oscillatory shear and steady shear flow of silica‐filled star‐shaped styrene‐butadiene rubber compounds: Experiment and simulation

Pole

Isayev

2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) and steady shear behavior of star‐shaped SSBR/silica 60 phr (21 vol%) compounds with various filler surface areas was measured and simulated. An SBR gum and SBR compounds containing four different silicas with surface areas of 55, 135, 160, and 195 m2/g were utilized. Rheological behavior indicated clear correlation with surface area. LAOS tests showed an increase in dynamic moduli, shear stress, and higher order harmonic contributions with surface area. Elastic and viscous Lissajous figures showed significant distortion at intermediate and higher strain amplitudes. Additionally, ratios of third and fifth order stress harmonics to the first stress harmonic (I3/1 and I5/1, respectively) showed a ''bump'' at intermediate strain amplitudes for the three highest surface area compounds. With regards to steady shear, all materials showed strong shear thinning behavior, and an increase in shear viscosity with surface area. The Cox‐Merz rule was shown to be valid for the SBR gum but not for the filled compounds. However, the complex viscosity as a function of shear rate amplitude at various frequencies at high strain amplitudes and the steady shear viscosity as a function of shear rate coincided. This correlation, referred to as the Philippoff approach, has important ramifications for the rubber industry, providing quick data for predicting processing behavior. The Simhambhatla‐Leonov model was successfully employed to simulate rheological behavior for the SBR gum and the lowest surface area silica compound, but the model yielded mixed results for the higher surface area silica compounds.

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“…While nanofillers are generally more effective than microfillers in terms of e.g. modifying rheological properties (e.g., decreasing the nonlinearity limit, 20,[24][25][26] ) the use of sheet-like nanofillers, such as nanoclays and graphene or GO has the additional consequence of confining neighbouring polymer chains, 24,27,28 which changes the chain dynamics by forcing them in one-or two-dimensional channels. PNIPAM itself has been the subject of intensive investigations due to its thermosensitivity, 29,30 which can be tuned by copolymerisation with more or less hydrophobic copolymers and the addition of salt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[20][21][22][23] The properties of nanocomposites in comparison to classical microcomposites are of great interest, as the former have a considerably larger surface area due to their nano-size, making surface interactions a signicantly more important factor. Note that nanollers are generally more effective than microllers in terms of modifying rheological properties (e.g., decreasing the nonlinearity limit, 20,[24][25][26] ); moreover, the use of sheet-like nanollers such as nanoclays and graphene or GO has the additional consequence of conning neighbouring polymer chains, 24,27,28 which changes the chain dynamics by forcing them into one-or two-dimensional channels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oscillations in modulus in solutions of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide with grafted poly-N-isopropylamide

et al. 2015

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In a material consisting of graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide and poly-N-isopropylamide (PNIPAM) in an aqueous solution, a new type of rheological behaviour is found. When subjecting the material to a short and relatively small deformation pulse, the modulus, which is observed by small deformations in the linear-viscoelastic or very slightly nonlinear range, oscillates with periodicities between 100 and several 1000 seconds; however, in many cases, it also increases systematically. The periodicity depends on the filler content and the sample preparation method (in situ polymerisation vs. blending). When subjecting the material to high nonlinear deformations (γ0 = 100-300%), the resulting linear viscoelastic behaviour changes from a periodic oscillation to a quick recovery of the original data, followed by a decrease and a subsequent increase beyond the value of the modulus of the material prior to the deformation pulse.

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Nonlinear rheology of model filled elastomers

Cited by 20 publications

References 37 publications

A review of nonlinear oscillatory shear tests: Analysis and application of large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS)

A review of nonlinear oscillatory shear tests: Analysis and application of large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS)

Correlations in rheological behavior between large amplitude oscillatory shear and steady shear flow of silica‐filled star‐shaped styrene‐butadiene rubber compounds: Experiment and simulation

Oscillations in modulus in solutions of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide with grafted poly-N-isopropylamide

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