Nonlinear reconnecting edge localized modes in current-carrying plasmas

Ebrahimi, F.

doi:10.1063/1.4983631

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…4), as highly elongated layers cannot be stable against the plasmoid instability, also in 3D geometry (e.g. Daughton et al 2011;Sironi & Spitkovsky 2014;Guo et al 2015;Huang & Bhattacharjee 2016;Ebrahimi 2017;Baalrud et al 2018;Stanier et al 2019). Here, we show that plasmoids/flux ropes are self-consistently created in fully 3D plasma turbulence (see Sec.…”

Section: Plasma Turbulencementioning

confidence: 54%

The Interplay of Magnetically Dominated Turbulence and Magnetic Reconnection in Producing Nonthermal Particles

Comisso

Sironi

2019

ApJ

142

132

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Magnetized turbulence and magnetic reconnection are often invoked to explain the nonthermal emission observed from a wide variety of astrophysical sources. By means of fully-kinetic 2D and 3D particle-in-cell simulations, we investigate the interplay between turbulence and reconnection in generating nonthermal particles in magnetically-dominated (or, equivalently, "relativistic") pair plasmas. A generic by-product of the turbulence evolution is the generation of a nonthermal particle spectrum with a power-law energy range. The power-law slope p is harder for larger magnetizations and stronger turbulence fluctuations, and it can be as hard as p 2. The Larmor radius of particles at the high-energy cutoff is comparable to the size l of the largest turbulent eddies. Plasmoid-mediated reconnection, which self-consistently occurs in the turbulent plasma, controls the physics of particle injection. Then, particles are further accelerated by stochastic scattering off turbulent fluctuations. The work done by parallel electric fields -naturally expected in reconnection layers -is responsible for most of the initial energy increase, and is proportional to the magnetization σ of the system, while the subsequent energy gain, which dominates the overall energization of high-energy particles, is powered by the perpendicular electric fields of turbulent fluctuations. The two-stage acceleration process leaves an imprint in the particle pitch-angle distribution: low-energy particles are aligned with the field, while the highest energy particles move preferentially orthogonal to it. The energy diffusion coefficient of stochastic acceleration scales as D γ ∼ 0.1σ(c/l)γ 2 , where γ is the particle Lorentz factor. This results in fast acceleration timescales t acc ∼ (3/σ) l/c. Our findings have important implications for understanding the generation of nonthermal particles in high-energy astrophysical sources.

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Section: Plasma Turbulencementioning

confidence: 54%

The Interplay of Magnetically Dominated Turbulence and Magnetic Reconnection in Producing Nonthermal Particles

Comisso

Sironi

2019

ApJ

142

132

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“…The growth rate is calculated from the image data, and the results indicate that the mRT growth rate is in the order of 10 6 s −1 for PBEX. Another possible explanation is that a current-density layer forming at the bubble/background interface gives rise to growth of current-driven unstable filaments, 17 but further measurements would be needed to verify this possibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Additional interest in this stems from attempts to investigate the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instability of the plasma boundary for optimizing the energy confinement time for high fusion gain. 16,17 The experimental study of plasma motion across a transverse magnetic field has a long history. [18][19][20][21] Modern experimental investigations include those using pulsed-power-driven plasma guns, [22][23][24][25][26] radial wire array Z pinches, [27][28][29][30] and laser-produced plasmas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of coaxial-gun-formed plasmas injected into a background transverse magnetic field or plasma

et al. 2018

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Injection of coaxial-gun-formed magnetized plasmas into a background transverse vacuum magnetic field or into a background magnetized plasma has been studied in the helicon-cathode (HelCat) linear plasma device at the University of New Mexico [M. Gilmore et al., J. Plasma Phys. 81, 345810104 (2015)]. A magnetized plasma jet launched into a background transverse magnetic field shows emergent kink stabilization of the jet due to the formation of a sheared flow in the jet above the kink stabilization threshold 0.1kV A [Y. Zhang et al., Phys. Plasmas 24, 110702 (2017)]. Injection of a spheromak-like plasma into a transverse background magnetic field led to the observation of finger-like structures on the side with a stronger magnetic field null between the spheromak and background field. The finger-like structures are consistent with magneto-Rayleigh-Taylor instability. Jets or spheromaks launched into a background, low-β magnetized plasma show similar behavior as above, respectively, in both cases.

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“…Simulations have demonstrated that filaments rotate toroidally because of the momentum injected into the plasma by energetic neutral beam injection heating systems and poloidally owing to diamagnetic and neoclassical effects 48 . Another feature that is well reproduced by MHD modelling is the current carried by filaments, which is typically of the level of the bootstrap current at the plasma edge before the ELM onset 50 . In addition, the number of filaments that erupt in a given ELM (equivalent to the toroidal mode number n) has been shown to be described well by simulations 51,52 .…”

Section: Box 1 | Equilibrium Pressure and Current Profiles And Tokammentioning

confidence: 93%

Filamentary plasma eruptions and their control on the route to fusion energy

et al. 2020

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Nonlinear reconnecting edge localized modes in current-carrying plasmas

Cited by 21 publications

References 32 publications

The Interplay of Magnetically Dominated Turbulence and Magnetic Reconnection in Producing Nonthermal Particles

The Interplay of Magnetically Dominated Turbulence and Magnetic Reconnection in Producing Nonthermal Particles

Experimental investigation of coaxial-gun-formed plasmas injected into a background transverse magnetic field or plasma

Filamentary plasma eruptions and their control on the route to fusion energy

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