Nonlinear Piezoelectric Coefficients in Compositions near Morphotropic Phase Boundary of PbZrO₃-PbTiO₃-Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃ Piezoelectric Ceramics

Abstract

Linear and nonlinear piezoelectric coefficients of second- and third-higher terms in length-extensional vibration were experimentally investigated in the compositions near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) of PbZrO3-PbTiO3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 ternary piezoelectric ceramics. The Zr/Ti ratio showing the maximum value of the piezoelectric constant d 31 disagreed with that showing the maximum value of the electromechanical coefficient k 31 in the transverse vibration. The disagreement increased with Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PMN) content. The nonlinear piezoelectric coefficients of the second- and third-higher terms showed their minimum values at the Zr/Ti ratios showing the maximum values of d 31. Hence, the Zr/Ti ratio showing the maximum value of d 31 was regarded as the MPB composition. The nonlinear coefficients of the second- and third-higher terms on the MPB compositions showed different dependences on PMN content. The nonlinear coefficient of the second-higher term showed a grain size dependence in its change, and that of the third-higher term showed a mechanical quality factor dependence in its change. The difference in the dependences was discussed from the viewpoint of the difference in the occurrence mechanism of nonlinear phenomena dominating the two nonlinear coefficients.

Refined Position of the Morphotropic Phase Boundary and Compositional Search of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbZrO3-PbTiO3 Ceramics for Piezoelectric Applications

“…4 Tashiro et al recently reported the nonlinear coefficients on the morphotropic phase boundary MPB to elucidate the nonlinear phenomena frequently observed when PMNZT ceramics are driven at high power near the resonance frequency. 9 However, the pinpoint composition of the ceramic studied was not reported in even their study in spite of the importance of practical use for piezoelectric applications. Although the PMNZT 37.525.037.5 and similar compositions achieve physical properties suitable for use of the materials as piezoelectric resonators and in acoustic applications, the low T c ࢻ300c C of this composition has prevented its use in practical applications.…”

Characterization of piezoelectric ceramics using the burst/transient method with resonance and antiresonance analysis

“…Researchers studying materials properties in resonance conditions have represented of nonlinearity by a coefficient to the third power. Many researchers have defined and analyzed the nonlinear mechanical compliance and loss behavior in the resonator using the resonance methods described in . Researchers have explained the nonlinear impedance response of the material near the resonance frequency as a result of the dependence of the elastic compliance and loss on the vibration velocity.…”

“…Many researchers have defined and analyzed the nonlinear mechanical compliance and loss behavior in the k 31 resonator using the resonance methods described in. [9][10][11] Researchers have explained the nonlinear impedance response of the material near the resonance frequency as a result of the dependence of the elastic compliance and loss on the vibration velocity. They have also used nonlinear methods to characterize different phenomenon during the transient response, such as the beat phenomena.…”

Relationship between Nonlinear Piezoelectricity and Decrease of Mechanical Quality Factor in Pb(Mn1/3Sb2/3)O3–PbZrO3–PbTiO3 Piezoelectric Ceramics Driven at High Power

“…In both cases, when x was fixed at 5 and 10 mol %, the minimum j D31 j values were obtained in the samples with the compositions of PMS-PZT(5/48/47) and PMS-PZT(10/44/46), respectively, which are near the MPB composition, in which the maximum d 31 was observed, the same as in the previous studies of PZT system ceramics. 6,9) The minimum j D31 j values were 5:0 Â 10 12 and 1:3 Â 10 12 mV 5 /C 3 , respectively. It was confirmed that the magnitude of D31 decreased to less than one-third, when the content of PMS increases from 5 to 10 mol %.…”

“…This suggests that the defect structure significantly affects D31 . Since the nonlinear piezoelectricity is caused by the nonlinear movement of the non-180 domain walls, 9) this nonlinear movement is considered to be suppressed in the samples with the Pb content of 98%. From the results in Fig.…”