VSe2 is a typical two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal
dichalcogenide material with various physical properties, such as
ultrahigh electrical conductivity, controversial magnetism, and active
catalytic properties. However, controllable preparation of VSe2 2D structures poses many challenges, and their application
has not yet been developed. Here, we controllably synthesize VSe2 2D flakes on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) using
molecular beam epitaxy. By controlling the growth temperature and
the evaporation rate of the source, we obtained various morphologies
of VSe2 flakes, including single- and multilayers with
triangular and belt shapes. Compared with the triangular structures
of the flakes, the one-dimensional nanobelt structures have a larger
edge density and can provide more catalytic active sites. Hydrogen
evolution reaction results indicate that the belt-shaped VSe2 flakes exhibit superior catalytic performance. Due to the presence
of plenty of edges, the overpotential of the belt-shaped VSe2 is 543 mV at a current density of 1 mA/cm2, which is
much lower than that in the triangular flakes. The VSe2 flakes with a larger edge density are more conductive than the regular
triangular flakes after loading metal atoms due to the efficient dispersion
of the metal atoms. As a result, the multistructure of Co particle-decorated
VSe2 flakes achieves a high catalytic performance with
352 mV overpotential at a current density of 10 mA/cm2,
demonstrating their potential applications in the catalyst field.