Nonlinear nanophotonic devices in the ultraviolet to visible wavelength range

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Although the first lasers invented operated in the visible, the first on-chip devices were optimized for near-infrared (IR) performance driven by demand in telecommunications. However, as the applications of integrated photonics has broadened, the wavelength demand has as well, and we are now returning to the visible (Vis) and pushing into the ultraviolet (UV). This shift has required innovations in device design and in materials as well as leveraging nonlinear behavior to reach these wavelengths. This review discusses the key nonlinear phenomena that can be used as well as presents several emerging material systems and devices that have reached the UV–Vis wavelength range.</jats:p>

Spin engineering of triangulenes and application for nano nonlinear optical materials design

“…Such strong resonant responses of SFGs and DFGs in the visible and near-infrared regions in TG7-B-ba and TG7-N-ba offer promising potential applications in studying the molecular structure and charging at interfaces 76,77 or nonlinear nanophotonic devices. 78…”

“…Strong DFG (1.28 Â 10 À24 esu) also occurs at the external fields (3.300 eV, À1.045 eV) and (3.300, À2.255 eV) (Fig.S13d, ESI †). Such strong resonant responses of SFGs and DFGs in the visible and near-infrared regions in TG7-B-ba and TG7-N-ba offer promising potential applications in studying the molecular structure and charging at interfaces76,77 or nonlinear nanophotonic devices 78. In TG7-NBN-ba,a strong resonant response (3.20 Â 10 À25 esu) at an external field (2.50 eV, À2.50 eV) is optical rectification (OR), and another strong one at (2.50 eV, 0.00 eV) with a single photon resonance at o 1 (o 2 ) = 2.50 eV is an electro-optical Pockels effect (EOPE) (Fig.…”

Near-infrared to ultra-violet frequency conversion in chalcogenide metasurfaces

“…While infrared applications of chalcogenides are flourishing, their use in the ultraviolet (UV) part of the electromagnetic spectrum was thought to be hindered by the excessively large absorption. It is noteworthy that numerous modern applications, including underwater communications, environmental monitoring, and biomedical imaging, require UV light sources 10 – 13 . Compact, integrated sources of UV radiation compatible with existing photonic platforms are therefore in significant demand.…”

Ultrafast Triplet State Formation in a Methylated Fungi-Derived Pigment: Toward Rational Molecular Design for Sustainable Optoelectronics

“…Organic chromophores for optoelectronic materials are highly sought after due to their versatility and appealing properties for applications from quantum and optical computing, nanophotonic devices, high-speed telecommunications, to photovoltaics. − Many organic pigments have large polarizabilities, low dielectric constants, and inherent flexibility with ultrafast response time (e.g., femtosecond, 10 –15 s), leading to higher device bandwidths. , Triplet states in organic electronic materials also play a significant role, contributing to both device performance and stability . For example, chromophores with accessible triplet states may increase the probability for charge separation and capture due to long excited-state lifetimes and carrier diffusion lengths. , In particular, triplet excitons can have diffusion lengths ranging from ∼30 to 300 nm, much longer than singlet excitons with typical diffusion lengths of ∼5–20 nm. ,, Some light-harvesting materials and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) exploit these properties, though they often rely on heavy-metal complexes with more intense spin–orbit coupling (SOC) to enhance intersystem crossing (ISC).…”