Nonlinear mixing of laser generated narrowband Rayleigh surface waves

Bakre, Chaitanya; Rajagopal, Prabhu; Balasubramaniam, Krishnan

doi:10.1063/1.4974545

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Substituting Equation (3) into the nonlinear part of Equation (1) leads to terms containing second‐order harmonics at frequencies

(||, \pm ω_{1} \pm ω_{2})

2 ω_{1}

2 ω_{2}

, third‐order harmonics at frequencies

(||, \pm 2 ω_{1} \pm ω_{2})

(||, \pm ω_{1} \pm 2 ω_{2})

3 ω_{1}

3 ω_{2}

, and other higher‐order harmonics. Here, in addition to multiples of fundamental frequencies, sum and difference frequency components are also generated 31–33 . Recently, nonlinear frequency mixing based on the CAN phenomenon has been reported in the literature.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, in addition to multiples of fundamental frequencies, sum and difference frequency components are also generated. [31][32][33] Recently, nonlinear frequency mixing based on the CAN phenomenon has been reported in the literature. Jingpin et al 30 conducted an experimental study to detect fatigue cracks in plates based on the frequency mixing technique.…”

Section: Contact Acoustic Nonlinearitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are minimal studies conducted on the mixing of Rayleigh surface waves. Recently, Morlock et al 31 conducted numerical and experimental studies on the mixing of two nonlinear Rayleigh waves propagating in the same direction. Nonlinear mixing of laser‐generated Rayleigh surface wave is studied by Bakre et al 32 Here, the mixing is done by codirectionally propagating waves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nonlinear ultrasonic evaluation of damaged concrete based on mixed harmonic generation

Aslam

Nagarajan

Remanan

2022

Structural Contr & Hlth

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Nonlinear wave mixing provides a potential method to evaluate localized micro-damage in structures. The wave mixing technique has some unique advantages over the nonlinear ultrasonic technique based on the higher harmonic generation, such as frequency selectivity, which can separate harmonic components generated due to instrumentation. In this paper, we numerically studied the frequency mixing response induced by the nonlinear interaction of two primary Rayleigh waves in a concrete material. The nonlinearity considered in the present study is due to crack-wave interaction, which is often called contact acoustic nonlinearity (CAN). A limited number of experimental studies were conducted on concrete prisms to evaluate surface cracks. Both numerical and experimental results illustrate the generation of the second-and thirdorder combined harmonics, which can be utilized to detect and localize subsurface cracks in concrete structures. The newly discovered third-order combined harmonics, which result from the mutual interaction between the primary Rayleigh waves and their induced second-harmonic waves, can be exploited to characterize micro-damage in various applications.

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“…Substituting Equation (3) into the nonlinear part of Equation (1) leads to terms containing second‐order harmonics at frequencies

(||, \pm ω_{1} \pm ω_{2})

2 ω_{1}

2 ω_{2}

, third‐order harmonics at frequencies

(||, \pm 2 ω_{1} \pm ω_{2})

(||, \pm ω_{1} \pm 2 ω_{2})

3 ω_{1}

3 ω_{2}

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Contact Acoustic Nonlinearitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nonlinear ultrasonic evaluation of damaged concrete based on mixed harmonic generation

Aslam

Nagarajan

Remanan

2022

Structural Contr & Hlth

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“…When the methods of MRWs are used, the nonlinear parameter defined by using MRWs only reacts to the nonlinearity of the material rather than the nonlinearity of measurement systems, so the material surface properties can be directly characterized by the nonlinear parameter. Researches about collinear MRWs have been comprehensively studied [24,25]. The possibility of generating MRWs has been demonstrated [26], and the related theories have been proposed as well [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of material surface properties using one-way collinear mixing Rayleigh waves

Lai

et al. 2023

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Nonlinear Rayleigh waves are useful for material surface damage detection. Traditional non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques based on higher harmonics of Rayleigh waves are inevitably interfered with by the nonlinearity of measurement systems. To overcome this disadvantage, an approach based on one-way collinear mixing Rayleigh waves (MRWs) is proposed to evaluate the material surface properties. A wedge with two different incidence angles for the excitations of transverse and longitudinal waves is designed to generate one-way collinear MRWs. The one-way collinear MRWs can be generated on the whole surface of the material, and propagate along the propagation way under one excitation. Numerical simulations of one-way collinear MRWs under different surface properties, which are characterized using different third-order elastic constants, are studied on a semi-infinite aluminium. Experiments are also conducted on the aluminium specimen, whose surface is corroded by hydrochloric acid so as to change the material surface properties. Both numerical and experimental results show that the one-way collinear MRWs are generated effectively, and the defined relative acoustic nonlinearity parameter increases with the propagation distance as well as the severity of the material surface damages. The results verify the effectiveness of the proposed MRW-based method and prove that it would be a promising NDT technique for the accurate evaluation of material surface properties.

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