Nonlinear lattice structures based on families of complex nondiffracting beams

Abstract

We present a new concept for the generation of optical lattice waves. For all four families of nondiffracting beams, we are able to realize corresponding nondiffracting intensity patterns in a single setup. The potential of our approach is shown by demonstrating the optical induction of complex photonic discrete, Bessel, Mathieu and Weber lattices in a nonlinear photorefractive medium. However, our technique itself is very general and can be transferred to optical lattices in other fields such as atom optics or cold gases in order to add such complex optical potentials as a new concept to these areas as well. References 10

Apodized structures for the integration of defect sites into photonic lattices

“…2(d) and 2(h) resemble qualitatively the indicated localized refractive index structures. Notice that these and all following intensity distributions are recorded after an illumination time of approximately 500 s. In contrast to optical induction experiments by a Bessel beam of first order, 24 the characteristic side lobes are predominantly suppressed in the presented case. As a consequence, such an induction configuration allows for fabricating single waveguides with huge elongations of 20 mm even in the linear power regime of a few 100 nW of writing power.…”

“…15,24 In contrast to the transverse dimensions, the propagation distance for a writing beam through the crystal is 20 mm. The crystal's symmetry axis (c-axis) directs along one 5 mm side.…”

“…2(g) and 2(h) are caused by an orientation anisotropy which is characteristic for these kinds of photorefractive crystals. 24,27 Additionally, the related intensity distributions of such a probe beam shown in Figs. 2(d) and 2(h) resemble qualitatively the indicated localized refractive index structures.…”

Optical fabrication of wavy lattices and photonic lattices with defects in photorefractive crystal by single step projection method

“…Thus far, some sophisticated fabrication techniques, such as self-assembly, two-photon absorption, colloidal crystallization and electron beam lithography have been proposed and demonstrated with different levels of success [7][8][9][10]. Optical induction technique, a convenient method utilizing the photo-induced refractive index change sensitivity in photorefractive materials, has attracted lots of interests recently in fabricating photonic microstructures such as photonic lattices [11][12][13][14]. Photonic lattice structures can be induced optically in photorefractive materials at very low light power levels utilizing the photo-induced refractive index change properties of the media.…”

A method to engineer phase-encoded photon sieve for intensity pattern generations

“…As one may know, simple interferometers do not need devices of reflecting spatial light modulator or complicated optical setups [9,10] to generate optical lattices [11,12], while those lattices have found important applications in important physical topics such as cold atom manipulation [13], rotary soliton generation [14] and orbital superfluidity formation [15]. In optical lattice generation, the delicate arrangements of pinholes of small number are usually deduced empirically according to different natural interference intensity patterns.…”