Nonlinear effects in examples of crowd evacuation scenarios

Starke, Jens; Thomsen, Kristian Berg; Sørensen, Asger; Marschler, Christian; Schilder, Frank; Dederichs, Anne; Hjorth, Poul G.

doi:10.1109/itsc.2014.6957749

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The specific behaviors can be further stressed by finetuning of the aforementioned parameters under the appropriate investigation to meet various cases referring to crowd behavior and cities' topological characteristics. Thus, the main advantage of the proposed method is its aptitude to deal with nonlinearity and uncertainties as expressed during the evacuation process [42,43]. Let us compare the coverage of Barcelona with that of Tehran and London.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Excitable Medium in Barcelona Street Network as a Method for Panicked Crowds Behavior Analysis

Adamatzky¹,

Vallverdú²

2019

ComplexSystems

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Spacetime dynamics of crowds are proved to be like dynamics of perturbation waves propagating in an excitable nonlinear medium. This analogy is developed further by studying the propagation of excitation-as represented by the two-variable Oregonator model of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky medium-and by then providing a thorough explanatory application study of the dynamics of excitation on Barcelona street networks considering crowd movement. In more detail, two characteristic areas of Barcelona-Gràcia and Raval-recently in the spotlight due to emerging situations, are analyzed in the context of the proposed study. The computer experiments performed show how an excitability of the medium affects the propagation dynamics. It is demonstrated that with decreasing excitability, the spanning of the street networks by an excitation wavefront shows evidence of pruning toward wider and ballistically plausible pathways.

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confidence: 99%

Chemical Excitable Medium in Barcelona Street Network as a Method for Panicked Crowds Behavior Analysis

Adamatzky¹,

Vallverdú²

2019

ComplexSystems

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“…For example, the worldwide phenomena of panic-buying amidst the COVID-19 pandemic also crucially hinges on what proportion of shoppers influence the recruitment or defection of panic-buying activity [57]. The agent-based modelling framework presented in this work is an ideal starting point in terms of incorporating further aspects characteristic of panic-buying, such as dispersion and aggregation of shoppers [58,59]. We leave these ABM extensions for future exploration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agent-based modelling of sports riots

Clements,

Fadai

2021

Preprint

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Riots originating during, or in the aftermath of, sports events can incur significant costs in damages, as well as large-scale panic and injuries. A mathematical description of sports riots is therefore sought to better understand their propagation and limit these physical and financial damages. In this work, we present an agent-based modelling framework that describes the qualitative features of populations engaging in riotous behaviour. Agents, pertaining to either a 'rioter' or a 'bystander' sub-population, move on an underlying lattice and can either be recruited or defect from their respective subpopulation. In particular, we allow these individual-level recruitment and defection processes to vary with local population density. This agent-based modelling framework provides the unifying link between multi-population stochastic models and densitydependent reaction processes. Furthermore, the continuum description of this ABM framework is shown to be a system of nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations and faithfully agrees with the average ABM behaviour from individual simulations. Finally, we determine the unique correspondence between the underlying individual-level recruitment and defection mechanisms with their population-level counterparts, providing a link between local-scale effects and macroscale rioting phenomena.

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“…The microscopic behavior of every pedestrian (treated as a point particle) is based on the social force model by Helbing and Molnar [20] with an additional preference of pedestrians toward alignment with near-by others moving in roughly the same direction [41]. All pedestrians are moving towards the end of the corridor, as shown in Figure 2.1(a).…”

Section: Demonstration On Multi-particle Model For Pedestrian Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Starke et al [41] hypothesize the presence of another force, namely a tendency to follow others. For example, this effect may be present in an emergency situation when there is no good knowledge of the geometry of the building.…”

Section: Pedestrian Evacuation Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In such a situation pedestrian i has a preference to move in the same direction as other pedestrian around him. This psychological factor was called the lemming effect in [41] and was modeled by changing the directional vector in F trg,i to a linear combination of the direction e trg,i towards the target point x trg and a weighted mean velocity v i of the velocity vectors v j = ẋj of pedestrians j in a neighborhood of pedestrian i:…”

Section: Pedestrian Evacuation Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Continuation with Non-invasive Control Schemes: Revealing Unstable States in a Pedestrian Evacuation Scenario

Panagiotopoulos¹,

Starke²,

Sieber³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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This paper presents a framework to perform bifurcation analysis in laboratory experiments or simulations. We employ control-based continuation to study the dynamics of a macroscopic variable of a microscopically defined model, exploring the potential viability of the underlying feedback control techniques in an experiment. In contrast to previous experimental studies that used iterative root-finding methods on the feedback control targets, we propose a feedback control law that is inherently non-invasive. That is, the control discovers the location of equilibria and stabilizes them simultaneously. We call the proposed control zero-in-equilibrium feedback control and we prove that it is able to stabilize branches of equilibria, except at singularities of codimension n + 1, where n is the number of state space dimensions the feedback can depend on.We apply the method to a simulated evacuation scenario were pedestrians have to reach an exit after maneuvering left or right around an obstacle. The scenario shows a hysteresis phenomenon with bistability and tipping between two possible steady pedestrian flows in microscopic simulations. We demonstrate for the evacuation scenario that the proposed control law is able to uniformly discover and stabilize steady flows along the entire branch, including points where other non-invasive approaches to feedback control become singular.

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Nonlinear effects in examples of crowd evacuation scenarios

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Chemical Excitable Medium in Barcelona Street Network as a Method for Panicked Crowds Behavior Analysis

Chemical Excitable Medium in Barcelona Street Network as a Method for Panicked Crowds Behavior Analysis

Agent-based modelling of sports riots

Continuation with Non-invasive Control Schemes: Revealing Unstable States in a Pedestrian Evacuation Scenario

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