Nonlinear dynamics of a two-level system of a single spin driven beyond the rotating-wave approximation

Abstract

Quantum systems driven by strong oscillating fields are the source of many interesting physical phenomena. In this work, we experimentally study the dynamics of a two-level system of a single spin driven in the strong-driving regime where the rotating-wave approximation is not valid. This two-level system is a subsystem of a single Nitrogen-Vacancy center in diamond coupled to a firstshell 13 C nuclear spin at a level anti-crossing point. This near-degeneracy occurs in the ms = ±1 manifold of the electron spin when the energy level splitting between the ms = −1 and +1 states due to the static magnetic field is ≈ 127 MHz and thus equal to the splitting due to the 13 C hyperfine interaction. The transition frequency of this electron spin two-level system in a static magnetic field of 28.9 G is 1.7 MHz and it can be driven only by the component of the RF field along the NV symmetry axis. Electron spin Rabi frequencies in this system can reach tens of MHz even for moderate RF powers. The simple sinusoidal Rabi oscillations that occur when the amplitude of the driving field is small compared to the transition frequency evolve into complex patterns when the driving field amplitude is comparable to or greater than the energy level splitting. We observe that the system oscillates faster than the amplitude of the driving field and the response of the system shows multiple frequencies.

Quantum guidelines for solid-state spin defects

“…Electron spin resonance typically occurs at microwave (GHz) frequencies largely defined by the electron Zeeman interaction and the zero-field splitting. Practically, the spin's transition frequency should be large compared to the Rabi frequency, to prevent limitations from the rotating wave approximation 112 , yet low enough to avoid microwave losses and instrumentation difficulties. Magnetic fields provide the simplest coherent spin control of Δ𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑠 = ±1 transitions using microwave striplines and resonators (see Fig.…”

Floquet engineering to entanglement protection of distant nitrogen vacancy centers

“…Other options include additional driving fields that drive transitions between the dressed states. Note that our work is based on recent experimental achievements of strong-driving technology in the NVC system [52][53][54][55][56] , which makes our scheme more feasible. The Floquet states have also been experimentally observed in the superconducting flux-qubit system [23] and quantum dot system [57].…”

Thermal effects on the resonance fluorescence of doubly dressed artificial atoms

“…In this work, we focus on the monochromatic double dressing of a solid-state two-level system and simulate the thermal effects on its emission spectrum assuming that the emitter is embedded in a phonon reservoir, which is effectively the case for artificial atoms given their inherent many-body nature [35,36]. The results presented here particularly consider a single QD, although the used model could be also applied to other types of photon sources, like localized defects or artificial molecules [37][38][39][40][41][42].…”