Nonlinear Control of a Photovoltaic Pumping System under Partial Shading

Mokhlis, Mohcine; Ferfra, M.; Chraygane, M.

doi:10.1109/irsec.2017.8477413

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The photovoltaic module, composed of Ns singlediode cells in series connection, is expressed by the following equation [15]:…”

Section: Modeling Of Pv Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

High Gain Observer-Based Control for Grid-Connected PV System Under Partial Shading Effect

Mokhlis¹,

Ferfra²,

idrissi³

2020

IJIES

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This paper proposes the new high-gain observer dedicated to the SEPIC converter and the single-phase inverter. The high-gain observer is designed in order to minimize the number of sensors required, because the use of voltage and current sensors have many disadvantages. In fact, these sensors can obtain a bulky system, also, they are expensive and take up more place. Also, this paper proposes new controller able to locate and track the global maximum power point under the partial shading effect. Actually, when the partial shading occurs, the Power-Voltage curve presents more than one maximum power point, which are divided between the global maximum and the local maximums. The global maximum presents the superior one, while the local maximums present the inferior ones. The classical methods like Perturb and Observe and Incremental Conductance are no longer able to distinguish the global maximum point. So, they cause a high drop of power, which justifies the need of a controller that can solve such problems. Effectively, the proposed controller is designed for this purpose, it consists of an algorithm able to locate the global maximum power point and generate the reference input of corresponding voltage. Also, this controller consists of the sliding mode controller that is able to track the reference input by acting on the SEPIC converter's duty cycle. In addition, the SEPIC converter is connected to the grid through the single-phase inverter. However, to make this connection, it should unify the power factor and synchronize the inverter current with the grid voltage. Effectively, these two tasks are solved by designing the sliding mode controller that acts on the inverter duty-cycle to allow its current to be in the same shape and phase as the grid voltage. Also, the DC bus voltage is regulated by using the PI controller. The overall system is modelled mathematically, tested and validated under Matlab/Simulink environment to show the criteria's performances and efficiency improvement of PV panel by using the proposed Global Maximum Power Point Tracking controller. Moreover, the proposed controller is compared with the hybrid controllers: P&Osliding mode, IC-sliding mode and PSO-Backstepping controllers. The results illustrate the performance of the proposed controlled to distinguish and track rapidly (about 40ms depending on the shading pattern), and accurately the desired global maximum power point.

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“…The photovoltaic module, composed of Ns singlediode cells in series connection, is expressed by the following equation [15]:…”

Section: Modeling Of Pv Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

High Gain Observer-Based Control for Grid-Connected PV System Under Partial Shading Effect

Mokhlis¹,

Ferfra²,

idrissi³

2020

IJIES

Self Cite

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“…The characteristics of the photovoltaic module used are shown in the Table I. The mathematical modeling of the PV module leads to the following expression [17]- [18]: (1) Where:…”

Section: A Pv Panelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the relative degree r is equal to 2. Consequently, the sliding surface shown in (11) will be as follows: (14) Thus, (15) The time derivative of the sliding surface (s) can be expressed as follows: (16) Where, the first time derivative of the tracking error e is: (17) The second time derivative of e can be expressed as follows: (18) Replacing (13) in (18) the following expression can be obtained: (19) Considering and equal to zero and replacing (17) and (19) in (16), the time derivative of the sliding mode surface will be: (20) Knowing that, to ensure the stability of system, the first time derivative of s should be: (21) Consequently, by replacing (21) in (20), the (22) can be obtained:…”

Section: ) Sliding Mode Controller Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

GA SMC Technique for Photovoltaic Systems under Non Homogenous Meteorological Conditions

Ahmed*,

Cherkaoui,

Mokhlis

et al. 2020

IJITEE

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When the photovoltaic sources are subjected to the partial shading (PS) effect, the PV modules are consequently subjected to the different levels of the irradiation. Indeed, when the phenomenon of the partial shading occurs, the Power-Voltage curve of the PV panel presents several points of maximum power. These points are divided between local and global, where the global maximum point presents the superior maximum, and the local maximum points present the inferior maximums compared to the global one. In fact, the classical Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques can not distinguish the global maximum power point, but can track only the first maximum found at the right hand of the Power-Voltage curve. Thus, in some cases, the classical techniques can cause the high drop of power. To solve this issue, this paper proposes a new approach based on the genetic algorithm (GA), because of its ability to optimize the solar panels’ output power production under the PSC. This optimization method is combined with the robust Sliding Mode Controller (SMC). Here, the GA is used in order to locate and generate the reference voltage corresponding to the global maximum power. While the sliding mode controller is used in order to track the reference voltage by acting on the duty cycle of the SEPIC converter. To examine the performance of the proposed method, the comparison with some hybrid controller, which are P&O-SMC, P&O-BSC, INC-BSC and INC-SMC, is performed. The results show the tracking performances of the proposed method, which are the accuracy and rapidity. Moreover, the results illustrates the ability of the proposed hybrid controller to detect the partial shading and to distinguish the Global Maximum Power Point.

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“…Each controller designed is characterized by its specific yield, efficiency and implementation cost and complexity. Among these methods, there are the classical ones such as perturb and observe (P&O) [2], incremental conductance (INC) [3] and hill climbing [4], these methods are simple and easiest to implement, but their great drawback is their fluctuations around the maximum power point which influences the accuracy and rapidity of the system [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PSO-SMC Controller Based GMPPT Technique for Photovoltaic Panel Under Partial Shading Effect

Ahmed¹,

Cherkaoui²,

Mokhlis³

2020

IJIES

Self Cite

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The effect of partial shading has a strong influence on the production of photovoltaic solar systems. In fact, when this phenomenon occurs, several power peaks appear on the power-voltage curve (P, V). These peaks are divided between the local maxima and a global maximum. This latter presents the superior maximum compared to the local maxima. Therefore, in this case, the conventional MPPT methods such as Incremental Conductance (INC) and Perturb and Observe (P&O) do not have the ability to detect and track the highest peak. Thus, this causes the important loss of power. To overcome this issue, this study focusses on the design of a new method able to distinguish the global maximum power point (GMPP). This method is composed of two loops of control, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the sliding mode controller (SMC). The first loop, which consists of PSO, sweeps the power-voltage curve by looking for the GMPP, after that generates the reference of corresponding optimal voltage. While the second loop is designed to track the voltage reference by acting on the duty cycle of the SEPIC converter. This method is characterized by its robustness against the parameters' changes and the modeling error thanks to the SMC controller designed. In addition, the PSO used improves efficiency of the PV modules subjected to the non-uniform meteorological conditions. The simulation results show the rapidity and accuracy of the proposed method for localizing and tracking the global power maximum. In fact, according to the results, the proposed controller has a convergence time about 63ms depending on the shading pattern. Moreover, it is able to detect the meteorological conditions change. To prove the advantages of the proposed technique, this one is compared with the hybrid controllers those composed of P&O and INC combined with BSC and SMC controllers.

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Nonlinear Control of a Photovoltaic Pumping System under Partial Shading

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

High Gain Observer-Based Control for Grid-Connected PV System Under Partial Shading Effect

High Gain Observer-Based Control for Grid-Connected PV System Under Partial Shading Effect

GA SMC Technique for Photovoltaic Systems under Non Homogenous Meteorological Conditions

PSO-SMC Controller Based GMPPT Technique for Photovoltaic Panel Under Partial Shading Effect

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