Nonlinear broad band dynamics are less complex in major depression

Boettger, Silke; Hoyer, Dirk; Falkenhahn, Katrin; Kaatz, Martin; Yeragani, Vikram K.; Bär, Karl‐Jürgen

doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2007.00503.x

Cited by 55 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…First, stress is usually associated with sympathetic, and not parasympathetic predominance [35]. Second, in depression, anxiety and phobia, decreased vagal modulation of heart rate variability has repeatedly been shown [15,16,34,36], and approximately one third of the study population indicated some psychiatric complaints as defined by scores above 60 in the respective categories. Yet, the average of these scores does not indicate overt psychiatric symptoms in the patient population included in this study (see Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…depression or anxiety, an autonomic dysbalance with decreased parasympathetic modulation has been described. For instance, both short and long-term complexity measures of heart rate modulation indicating parasympathetic activity have been shown to be reduced in major depression [15,16] or during treatment [17]. Furthermore, a relative decrease of vagal activity has repeatedly been described for anxiety [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased vagal modulation in atopic dermatitis

Boettger

Bär

Dohrmann

et al. 2009

Journal of Dermatological Science

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased vagal modulation in atopic dermatitis

Boettger

Bär

Dohrmann

et al. 2009

Journal of Dermatological Science

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“…17 Others are regarded to be more specific, for instance smooth pursuit eye movement dysfunction, which is known to reflect a genetic vulnerability to schizophrenia (eg, ocular motor abnormalities). 15 Autonomic dysfunction associated with decreased vagal and increased sympathetic modulation occurs in various psychiatric conditions such as major depression, 18 anxiety disorders 19,20 or alcohol dependency, and withdrawal. 21,22 Thus, one could assume that autonomic dysfunction is rather less likely to be specific for one disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomic Dysfunction in Unaffected First-Degree Relatives of Patients Suffering From Schizophrenia

Bär

Berger

Metzner

et al. 2010

Schizophrenia Research

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Recent studies revealed cardiac autonomic dysfunction in patients with acute schizophrenia, which appears to be mainly related to reduced vagal and increased sympathetic modulation. To understand the significance of cardiac autonomic function in patients with schizophrenia, we extended these studies to relatives of patients. In this study, we assessed cardiac autonomic modulation in healthy first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia (n 5 36) to investigate a putative genetic influence. Data were compared with control subjects matched for age, gender, and physical activity as well as to patients suffering from schizophrenia. First-degree relatives showed an attenuated, yet identical pattern in autonomic dysfunction as patients with decreased vagal modulation of heart rate, decreased baroreflex sensitivity, but no difference in blood pressure variability could be detected. The patients' relatives also showed a similar pattern in regards to QT variability. In addition, the subgroup comparison of offspring vs. siblingsshowedasignificantdifferenceinheartratevariability suggesting a higher degree of heritability in offspring. In conclusion, the pattern of autonomic dysfunction seen in patients and relatives might indicate underlying disease-inherent genetic vulnerability, especially because autonomic parameters are heritable. In addition, these findings may be of value to identify the high-risk group of patients' relatives in regards to serious cardiovascular events so that early preventive measures can be taken.

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“…The aim of this study was thus to investigate the possible link between HRV complexity and sympathetic outflow to the heart. We evaluated cardiac norepinephrine (NE) spillover (the gold standard of measuring cardiac sympathetic outflow) and HRV in healthy subjects and patients with a diagnosis of major depression or panic disorder, conditions known to be associated with an altered cardiac autonomic function (4). These patients encompass a wide range of sympathetic outflow levels, from normal to abnormal, while their cardiac substrate remains preserved.…”

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confidence: 99%

Short-term heart rate variability and cardiac norepinephrine spillover in patients with depression and panic disorder

Baumert

Lambert²,

Dawood³

et al. 2009

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Nalivaiko E. Short-term heart rate variability and cardiac norepinephrine spillover in patients with depression and panic disorder. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 297: H674 -H679, 2009. First published June 5, 2009 doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00236.2009.-Changes in measures of heart rate variability (HRV) have been associated with an increased risk for sudden cardiac death. The mechanisms underlying this association are not known. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between the amount of norepinephrine (NE) released from the cardiac sympathetic terminals and short-term HRV. The study comprised 8 healthy subjects, 12 patients with major depression, and 7 patients with panic disorder. Cardiac NE spillover was determined using direct coronary sinus blood sampling coupled with an NE isotope dilution methodology. Short-term HRV was quantified using detrended fluctuation analysis, symbolic dynamics, sample entropy, and standard time and frequency domain measures. Neither HRV nor cardiac NE spillover was significantly different between the analyzed groups. None of the standard HRV metrics was significantly correlated with cardiac NE spillover, but there was a moderate correlation between two complexity measures of HRV (symbolic dynamics) and cardiac NE spillover (patterns with 2 like variations, r ϭ Ϫ0.37 and P ϭ 0.05; and patterns with no variations: r ϭ 0.34 and P ϭ 0.06). In conclusion, there is no correlation between standard HRV measures and cardiac NE spillover in humans. Short-term complexity of heart rate is only moderately affected by sympathetic neural outflow. Therefore, the predictive value of most HRV measures for sudden cardiac death may predominantly result from their capacity to capture vagally mediated heart rate modulations. complexity; sympathetic HEART RATE VARIABILITY (HRV) has been long recognized as a risk predictor of cardiac death after acute myocardial infarction (11) and has been increasingly analyzed in a wide range of research and clinical settings. However, the underlying physiological mechanisms underpinning HRV measures remain incompletely understood.Elevated sympathetic cardiac activity is a potential cause of sudden cardiac death (8) and presumably the major contributor to arrhythmic events (12). Assessing sympathetic outflow to the heart noninvasively, using simple HRV indexes, is therefore of great interest. Besides vagally mediated high-frequency (HF) oscillations, which are related to respiration (respiratory sinus arrhythmia), a power spectrum analysis of HRV reveals distinct low-frequency (LF) oscillations that may or may not be caused by sympathetic efferents (11). While the currently dominating view is that LF power is at least in part caused by the sympathetic cardiac tone, several recent studies, in which cardiac sympathetic outflow was directly assessed, demonstrated that the magnitude of those LF oscillations is a rather poor marker of sympathetic outflow (9, 13).Since the original publication of the HRV Task Force standards in 1996 (11), a variety of new ...

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Nonlinear broad band dynamics are less complex in major depression

Cited by 55 publications

References 56 publications

Increased vagal modulation in atopic dermatitis

Increased vagal modulation in atopic dermatitis

Autonomic Dysfunction in Unaffected First-Degree Relatives of Patients Suffering From Schizophrenia

Short-term heart rate variability and cardiac norepinephrine spillover in patients with depression and panic disorder

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