Nonisothermal matter transport in sodium chloride and potassium chloride aqueous solutions. 1. Homogeneous system (thermal diffusion)

Gaeta, Francesco; Perna, G.; Scala, Giovanni; Bellucci, Francesco

doi:10.1021/j100212a032

Cited by 61 publications

(78 citation statements)

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“…10 These minima appeared at concentrations < 10 −1 mol kg −1 for NaCl, and between 0.1 and 1 mol kg −1 for KCl. More recently, a sharp minimum in the Soret coefficient of LiCl solutions was reported at salt concentrations close to 1 mol kg −1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a good number of experiments that offer a consistent view of the general dependence of the Soret coefficient with temperature. Early works using thermogravitational columns 10,19 indicated that the Soret coefficient of alkali halide solutions features the temperature inversion effect. More recently, sophisticated convection-free methods, such as Thermal Diffusion Forced Rayleigh Scattering (TDFRS), 14,20 have allowed further investigation of the thermodiffusion behaviour of alkali halide solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,9 The strength of the thermodiffusion response can be quantified via the Soret coefficient s T = D T /D, which is defined by the ratio between the thermal diffusion, D T , and the diffusion, D, coefficients. Experimental studies indicate that the Soret coefficient of aqueous solutions is of the order of 10 −3 K −1 [10][11][12][13] and that the coefficient changes sing at a specific temperature, T 0 , at which s T = 0 14,15 . This "inversion temperature", T 0 , defines a region where the thermophoretic response of the solution changes significantly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of ion–water interactions in determining the Soret coefficient of LiCl aqueous solutions

Lecce

Albrecht

Bresme

2017

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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The application of a thermal gradient to an aqueous electrolyte solution induces the Soret effect, and the salt migrates towards hot (thermophilic) or cold regions (thermophobic). Experimental studies of LiCl reported changes in the sign of the Soret coefficient as well as a minimum in this coefficient at specific salt concentrations and temperatures. At the minimum the thermodiffusive response of the solution is enhanced significantly. We have performed non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of LiCl solutions to quantify the dependence of the sign change and minimum of the Soret coefficient with salt concentration and temperature. We find that the ion mass plays a secondary role in determining the magnitude of the Soret coefficient, while the diameter of the cation has a significant impact on the coefficient and on the observation of the minimum. Our simulations show that the ordering of water around Li + plays a key role in determining the Soret coefficient of LiCl salts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of ion–water interactions in determining the Soret coefficient of LiCl aqueous solutions

Lecce

Albrecht

Bresme

2017

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…The Soret coefficients of the alkali chloride serie show a slope dα/dT = 0.03 K −1 [25][26][27]. Assuming the same law to hold for δα(T ) and using the values of Table 1 at 25…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In dilute electrolyte solutions, the ionic heat of transport Q * arises from specific hydration effects [22]; at salt concentrations beyond a few mMol/l electrostatic interactions become important and result in intricate dependencies on temperature and salinity [25][26][27].…”

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confidence: 99%

Transport in Charged Colloids Driven by Thermoelectricity

2008

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We study the thermal diffusion coefficient DT of a charged colloid in a temperature gradient, and find that it is to a large extent determined by the thermoelectric response of the electrolyte solution. The thermally induced salinity gradient leads in general to a strong increase with temperature. The difference of the heat of transport of co-ions and counterions gives rise to a thermoelectric field that drives the colloid to the cold or to the warm, depending on the sign of its charge. Our results provide an explanation for recent experimental findings on thermophoresis in colloidal suspensions.PACS numbers: 66.10.C, 82.70.-y,47.57.JIntroduction. Colloidal suspensions in a non-uniform electrolyte show a rich and surprising transport behavior. Upon applying an electric field or a chemical or thermal gradient on a macromolecular dispersion, one observes migration of its components and a non-uniform distribution in the stationary state. The physical mechanisms of electrophoresis and diffusiophoresis are well understood [1,2] and widely used in biotechnology and microfluidic applications [3,4].The situation is less clear concerning transport driven by a thermal gradient. There is no complete description for the underlying physical forces, and even the sign of the thermophoretic mobility lacks a rationale so far. It had been known for a while that in some colloidal suspensions the particles move to the cold, and in others to the warm, corresponding to a positive and negative Soret effect, respectively [5][6][7]. Recent experiments on aqueous solutions of lysozyme protein [8,9], polystyrene beads [9-12], micelles [11], DNA [13], and Ludox particles [14] revealed a surprisingly similar temperature dependence in the range T = 0...80• C. In all cases, an inverse Soret effect occurs at low T , changes sign at some intermediate value T * , and seems to saturate above 50 • C. On the other hand, a large negative thermophoretic mobility has been reported for charged latex spheres in a buffered solution at weak acidity and low salinity [10]; adding LiCl or NaCl results in a change of sign and a transport velocity that depends significantly on the cation. These features strongly suggest a single mechanism related to the electric properties of the colloid; the relevance of the thermoelectric effect for colloidal suspensions has been pointed out recently [10].A thermal gradient modifies the solute-solvent interactions and drives the particle at a velocity [15]

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Thermoelectric Response of Ion‐Selective Membranes: Modelling and Experimental Studies

et al. 2021

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Thermoelectricity of ion‐selective membrane refers to the phenomenon that the membrane potential is generated in the presence of a temperature gradient, which plays a crucial role in low‐grade heat energy harvesting. Here, a new thermoelectric model is proposed, in which the entire membrane is divided into the intra‐membrane region and two diffusion boundaries. Simulated results suggest the thermally inducted membrane potential is composed of the diffusion potential inside membrane and two Donnan potentials at the membrane boundaries. The effects of the membrane charge density, electrolyte concentration, and solution temperature are theoretically explored in detail. This model is confirmed experimentally with cation‐selective hybrid nanochannels and a commercial cation‐selective polymer membrane. We believe the new thermoelectric model is beneficial to understanding the mechanism of thermoelectric response and promoting practical applications of thermal energy conversion.

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Nonisothermal matter transport in sodium chloride and potassium chloride aqueous solutions. 1. Homogeneous system (thermal diffusion)

Cited by 61 publications

References 1 publication

The role of ion–water interactions in determining the Soret coefficient of LiCl aqueous solutions

The role of ion–water interactions in determining the Soret coefficient of LiCl aqueous solutions

Transport in Charged Colloids Driven by Thermoelectricity

Thermoelectric Response of Ion‐Selective Membranes: Modelling and Experimental Studies

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