Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation: Five years of experience in a pediatric intensive care unit*

Abstract

This study demonstrates the feasibility and efficacy of NPPV in the daily practice of a pediatric intensive care unit. This ventilatory support could be proposed as a first-line treatment in children with acute respiratory distress, except in those with a diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure With Helmet Versus Mask in Infants With Bronchiolitis: An RCT

“…However, leaks around the mask may cause discomfort and make it necessary to interrupt treatment. [12][13][14][15][16] A pediatric helmet has been used to deliver CPAP in neonates, infants, and preschool children with ARF. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] In this population, CPAP by helmet was better tolerated than a facial mask, with no major complications and less need for sedation.…”

Non-invasive Ventilation in Children with Acute Respiratory Failure

“…Hastaların %77'sinde NIV başarıyla uygulanabilmiş, entübe edilen çocuklar invaziv mekanik ventilasyon uygulamaya başlandıktan sonra kaybedilmiş-tir. 18 İspanya'dan çocuk yoğun bakım ünitesinde apne ve pnömonili çocukların çoğunluğu oluştur-duğu bir başka pediatrik seride ise 149 hastanın %78'inde başarıyla uygulanabilmiştir. 19 Bizim ça-lışmamızda ise hastaların büyük çoğunluğunda altta yatan kronik hastalıkları olmasına rağmen başarı oranı %65,5 olarak saptanmıştır.…”

Noninvasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure in children – a systematic review

“…The studies carried out by Essouri et al (16,18) and Ottonello et al (20) allow rating and recommendation of use of NIV at the B-II level.…”

“…Author Study (n) Year of publication Population Akingbola et al (4) Case report (2) 1993 Children with atelectasis Fortenberry et al (5) Case series (28) 1995 Children with ARF Padman et al (6) Case series (34) 1998 Patients aged between 6 months and 18 years with ARF Sprague et al (7) Case series (5) 2000 Patients aged between 12 years and 18 years with ARF secondary to cystic fibrosis Akingbola et al (8) Case report (3) 2002 Children with asthma and hypercapnia Shah et al (9) Systematic review 2003 Children with bronchiolitis in ARF Thill et al (10) Randomized crossover clinical trial (16) 2004 Children with lower airways obstruction Piastra et al (11) Case series (4) 2004 Children aged between 9 and 17 years with acute leukemia and hypoxemic ARF Villanueva et al (12) Case series (23) 2005 Hypoxemic and hypercapnic ARF or respiratory failure after extubation Chin et al (13) Case series (15) 2005 Children aged 5 months and 14 years, submitted to liver transplant, that progressed with ARF and atelectasis Prado et al (14) Case series (14) 2005 Children aged between 1 month and 13 years, with ARF, reduced oxygenation (saturation < 93% with FiO2 > 40%) and ventilation (pH < 7,25), besides radiological impairment Carroll e Schramm (15) Case series (5) 2006 Children aged between 2 years and 18 years, with acute asthma, hypoxemia and increased respiratory work Essouri et al (16) Retrospective cohort (114 (20) Retrospective study 2007 Twenty patients with mean ages of 7.4 years, with ARF, received NIV and were divided into two groups for analysis: hypoxic and hypercapneic group. Codazzi et al (21) Case series (15) 2006 Fifteen children from 1 month to 5 years with hypoxemic ARF Piastra et al hypoxic group and hypercapnic group.…”

“…Of these 20 patients, 15 displayed an improvement in oxygenation and ventilation; five required invasive mechanical ventilation; and two experienced pressure ulcers on nasal bridges, which were rapidly reversible (20) . Essouri et al (16) carried out a retrospective cohort study with patients aged 15 to 17 years treated with NIV for two hours or more, between January 1 st , 2000, and December 31 st , 2004. Included were 114 patients, and of these, 83 (77%) were successfully treated with NIV, with no intubation.…”