Noninvasive PET Imaging of T cells

Wei, Weijun; Jiang, Dawei; Ehlerding, Emily B.; Luo, Quan‐Yong; Cai, Weibo

doi:10.1016/j.trecan.2018.03.009

Cited by 99 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…It might also be worthwhile for researchers working in inflammatory diseases to take advantage of imaging tracers being developed for other applications, such as oncology. Indeed, with the rise of immunotherapy treatments for cancer patients, a great number of imaging agents for the immune system are being developed, which can certainly be translated to inflammatory and autoimmune diseases . For example, our group successfully performed noninvasive PET imaging of lung cancer in mice by targeting CD30, which is expressed on several types of cancer cells as well as immune cells .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody‐Based Tracers for PET/SPECT Imaging of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

Lee

Cai

2018

ChemBioChem

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Chronic inflammatory diseases are often progressive, resulting not only in physical damage to patients but also social and economic burdens, making early diagnosis of them critical. Nuclear medicine techniques can enhance the detection of inflammation by providing functional as well as anatomical information when combined with other modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography or ultrasonography. Although small molecules and peptides were mainly used for the treatment and imaging of chronic inflammatory diseases in the past, antibodies and their fragments have also been emerging for chronic inflammatory diseases as they show high specificity to their targets and can have various biological half‐lives depending on how they are engineered. In addition, imaging with antibodies or their fragments can visualize the in vivo biodistribution of the probes or help monitor therapeutic responses, thereby providing physicians with a greater understanding of drug behavior in vivo and another means of monitoring their patients. In this review, we introduce various targets and radiolabeled antibody‐based probes for the molecular imaging of chronic inflammatory diseases in preclinical and clinical studies. Targets can be classified into three different categories: 1) cell‐adhesion molecules, 2) surface markers on immune cells, and 3) cytokines or enzymes. The limitations and future directions of using radiolabeled antibodies for imaging inflammatory diseases are also discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody‐Based Tracers for PET/SPECT Imaging of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

Lee

Cai

2018

ChemBioChem

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“…For immuno-PET, targets can be general T cell markers (such as CD3, CD4, and CD8), immune checkpoints (such as PD-1, PD-L1, or CTLA-4) or biomarkers of the immune response (such as interferon-γ, interleukin-2, and granzyme B) [33,34]. The absence of impact on the functionality of in vivo T cells also needs to be considered [35].…”

Section: Immunoimagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The absence of impact on the functionality of in vivo T cells also needs to be considered [35]. Many radiotracers have been evaluated in preclinical models, with a large "immunoimaging toolbox" already available [36], but few of them have ever been tested in clinical trials [33,36,37]. A summary of the usable radiotracers and target is presented in Figure 2 and in Table 1.…”

Section: Immunoimagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapy by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Nuclear Medicine Imaging: Current and Future Applications

Decazes

Bohn

2020

Cancers

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Immunotherapy by using immune checkpoint inhibitors is a revolutionary development in oncology. Medical imaging is also impacted by this new therapy, particularly nuclear medicine imaging (also called radionuclide imaging), which uses radioactive tracers to visualize metabolic functions. Our aim was to review the current applications of nuclear medicine imaging in immunotherapy, along with their limitations, and the perspectives offered by this imaging modality. Method: Articles describing the use of radionuclide imaging in immunotherapy were researched using PubMed by April 2019 and analyzed. Results: More than 5000 articles were analyzed, and nearly 100 of them were retained. Radionuclide imaging, notably 18F-FDG PET/CT, already has a major role in many cancers for pre-therapeutic and therapeutic evaluation, diagnoses of adverse effects, called immune-related adverse events (IrAE), and end-of-treatment evaluations. However, these current applications can be hindered by immunotherapy, notably due to atypical response patterns such as pseudoprogression, which is defined as an increase in the size of lesions, or the visualization of new lesions, followed by a response, and hyperprogression, which is an accelerated tumor growth rate after starting treatment. To overcome these difficulties, new opportunities are offered, particularly therapeutic evaluation criteria adapted to immunotherapy and immuno-PET allowing us to predict responses to immunotherapy. Moreover, some new technological solutions are also promising, such as radiomic analyses and body composition on associated anatomical images. However, more research has to be done, notably for the diagnosis of hyperprogression and pseudoprogression. Conclusion: Immunotherapy, by its major impact on cancer and by the new patterns generated on images, is revolutionary in the field of medical images. Nuclear medicine imaging is already established and will be able to help meet new challenges through its plasticity.

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“…ImmunoPET imaging can serve to monitor the fate of adoptive T cells and to provide information on events involving monoclonal antibodies in vivo (e.g., their accumulation in normal tissues, tumor targeting, and quantitative variations) and, as a result, may allow the optimization of their immunotherapeutic efficacy. [ 141 ] MRI may also potentially serve for T cell tracking in vivo, albeit a consistent technique to track non‐phagocytic T cells and the development of an MRI contrast agent suitable for that purpose are required.…”

Section: Nanoparticles Improve the Imaging Modalities For Tracking Camentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology Promotes Genetic and Functional Modifications of Therapeutic T Cells Against Cancer

Abdalla

Xiao

et al. 2020

Advanced Science

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Growing experience with engineered chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T cells has revealed some of the challenges associated with developing patient‐specific therapy. The promising clinical results obtained with CAR‐T therapy nevertheless demonstrate the urgency of advancements to promote and expand its uses. There is indeed a need to devise novel methods to generate potent CARs, and to confer them and track their anti‐tumor efficacy in CAR‐T therapy. A potentially effective approach to improve the efficacy of CAR‐T cell therapy would be to exploit the benefits of nanotechnology. This report highlights the current limitations of CAR‐T immunotherapy and pinpoints potential opportunities and tremendous advantages of using nanotechnology to 1) introduce CAR transgene cassettes into primary T cells, 2) stimulate T cell expansion and persistence, 3) improve T cell trafficking, 4) stimulate the intrinsic T cell activity, 5) reprogram the immunosuppressive cellular and vascular microenvironments, and 6) monitor the therapeutic efficacy of CAR‐T cell therapy. Therefore, genetic and functional modifications promoted by nanotechnology enable the generation of robust CAR‐T cell therapy and offer precision treatments against cancer.

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Noninvasive PET Imaging of T cells

Cited by 99 publications

References 129 publications

Antibody‐Based Tracers for PET/SPECT Imaging of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

Antibody‐Based Tracers for PET/SPECT Imaging of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

Immunotherapy by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Nuclear Medicine Imaging: Current and Future Applications

Nanotechnology Promotes Genetic and Functional Modifications of Therapeutic T Cells Against Cancer

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