Noninvasive Myocardial Strain Measurement by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography

Amundsen, Brage H.; Helle-Valle, Thomas; Edvardsen, Thor; Torp, Hans; Crosby, Jonas; Lyseggen, Erik; Støylen, Asbjørn; Ihlen, Halfdan; Lima, João A.C.; Smiseth, Otto A.; Slørdahl, Stig A.

doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2005.10.040

Cited by 1,098 publications

(277 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The TomTec 2D software package allows for performing strain measurements according to an established speckle‐tracking algorithm that has been validated with sonomicrometry as well as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, as reported previously 30, 31, 32. GLS was calculated as the average of longitudinal strains from the 2‐ and 4‐chamber views and global circumferential strain (GCS) was calculated from the short‐axis view.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relations Between Aortic Stiffness and Left Ventricular Mechanical Function in the Community

Bell

McCabe

Larson

et al. 2017

JAHA

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BackgroundAortic stiffness impairs optimal ventricular–vascular coupling and left ventricular systolic function, particularly in the long axis. Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS) has recently emerged as a sensitive measure of early cardiac dysfunction. In this study, we investigated the relation between aortic stiffness and GLS in a large community‐based sample.Methods and ResultsIn 2495 participants (age 39–90 years, 57% women) of the Framingham Offspring and Omni cohorts, free of cardiovascular disease, we performed tonometry to measure arterial hemodynamics and echocardiography to assess cardiac function. Aortic stiffness was evaluated as carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity and as characteristic impedance, and GLS was calculated using speckle tracking–based measurements. In multivariable analyses adjusting for age, sex, height, systolic blood pressure, augmentation index, left ventricular structure, and additional cardiovascular risk factors, increased carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (B±SE: 0.122±0.030% strain per SD, P<0.0001) and characteristic impedance (0.090±0.029, P=0.002) were both associated with worse GLS. We observed effect modification by sex on the relation between characteristic impedance and GLS (P=0.004); in sex‐stratified multivariable analyses, the relation between greater characteristic impedance and worse GLS persisted in women (0.145±0.039, P=0.0003) but not in men (P=0.73).ConclusionsMultiple measures of increased aortic stiffness were cross‐sectionally associated with worse GLS after adjusting for hemodynamic variables. Parallel reductions in left ventricular long axis shortening and proximal aortic longitudinal strain in individuals with a stiffened proximal aorta, from direct mechanical ventricular‐vascular coupling, offers an alternative explanation for the observed relations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relations Between Aortic Stiffness and Left Ventricular Mechanical Function in the Community

Bell

McCabe

Larson

et al. 2017

JAHA

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“…The TomTec 2D CPA v.1.1 analysis package allows for strain measurements to be made using an established speckle‐tracking algorithm that has been validated with sonomicrometry as well as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) previously 2, 3, 25. The primary measurements of interest included the following LV peak systolic strains: global average longitudinal strain (average of longitudinal strain in the A2C and A4C views) and global average circumferential strain (in the SAX view).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, it is well known that EF can remain preserved even in the setting of overt clinical HF. Given the need for more‐sensitive measures of LV performance, advances in image analysis have led to noninvasive methods for assessing cardiac mechanical function in multiple planes 2, 3. Numerous studies have now demonstrated that speckle tracking analyses of LV strain (ie, myocardial tissue deformation) applied to routine echocardiography offer significant incremental prognostic information over EF in patients with known cardiovascular disease (CVD) 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Aspects of Left Ventricular Mechanical Function Are Differentially Associated With Cardiovascular Outcomes and All‐Cause Mortality in the Community

Cheng

McCabe

Larson

et al. 2015

JAHA

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BackgroundThere are few data relating novel measures of left ventricular (LV) mechanical function to cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes in the community. Whether distinct components of LV mechanical function provide information regarding risk for different CVD outcomes is unclear.Methods and ResultsWe used speckle tracking echocardiography to quantify distinct components of LV mechanical function (measured as LV strain in multiple planes) in 2831 Framingham Offspring Study participants (mean age, 66 years; 57% women, 97% with LV fractional shortening >0.29). Participants were followed for 6.0±1.2 years for onset of 69 coronary heart disease (CHD), 71 heart failure (HF), and 199 mortality events. Adjusting for CVD risk factors, longitudinal LV strain appeared associated with incident CHD (hazards ratio [HR] per SD increment, 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00–1.67; P=0.05), whereas circumferential and radial strain were not (P>0.37 for both); however, the association of longitudinal strain with CHD was nonsignificant after Bonferroni correction. By contrast, circumferential strain was a significant predictor of incident HF (HR per SD increment, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.35–2.37; P<0.0001). Decrements in circumferential, radial, and longitudinal strain measures were related to all‐cause mortality (P<0.008 for all). Results remained similar in multivariable models adjusting additionally for the conventional echocardiographic measures of LV mass and fractional shortening.ConclusionsIn our large, community‐based sample, distinct components of LV mechanical function were associated with specific CVD outcomes. Additional studies are needed to replicate these findings and investigate the prognostic and therapeutic utility of these novel measures of LV mechanical function.

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“…Depending on the direction of deformation, longitudinal, circumferential, and radial S and SR can be measured using TDI or two‐dimensional speckle tracking. Both modalities have been validated against sonomicrometry and cardiac MRI 135 , 136 . Importantly, echocardiographic methods have higher frame rates than cardiac MR and are better suited to study temporal aspects of cardiac function.…”

Section: Strain and Strain Rate In Dhfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Echocardiographic evaluation of diastolic heart failure

Thomas

2010

Australas J Ultrason Med

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Noninvasive Myocardial Strain Measurement by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography

Abstract: Speckle tracking echocardiography provides accurate and angle-independent measurements of LV dimensions and strains and has potential to become a clinical bedside tool for quantifying myocardial strain.

Cited by 1,098 publications

References 13 publications

Relations Between Aortic Stiffness and Left Ventricular Mechanical Function in the Community

Relations Between Aortic Stiffness and Left Ventricular Mechanical Function in the Community

Distinct Aspects of Left Ventricular Mechanical Function Are Differentially Associated With Cardiovascular Outcomes and All‐Cause Mortality in the Community

Echocardiographic evaluation of diastolic heart failure

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