Noninvasive measurements of spin transport properties of an antiferromagnetic insulator

Wang, Hailong; Zhang, Shu; McLaughlin, Nathan; Flebus, Benedetta; Huang, Mengqi; Xiao, Yuxuan; Liu, Chuan‐Pu; Wu, Mingzhong; Fullerton, Eric E.; Tserkovnyak, Yaroslav; Du, Chunhui

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abg8562

Cited by 26 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Using NV relaxometry methods, − we have observed spatially varied dynamic magnetic fluctuations in MnBi 4 Te 7 , revealing the underlying spin transport physics and the low-frequency spin dynamics hosted by domain walls in these magnetic materials. We expect that the presented NV quantum sensing platform can be readily extended to a large family of layered van der Waals crystals, ,, providing ample opportunities for investigating the local spin dynamics and transport behaviors in a broad range of quantum materials. ,− …”

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confidence: 99%

Quantum Imaging of Magnetic Phase Transitions and Spin Fluctuations in Intrinsic Magnetic Topological Nanoflakes

McLaughlin

Huang

et al. 2022

Nano Lett.

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Topological materials featuring exotic band structures, unconventional current flow patterns, and emergent organizing principles offer attractive platforms for the development of next-generation transformative quantum electronic technologies. The family of MnBi2Te4 (Bi2Te3) n materials is naturally relevant in this context due to their nontrivial band topology, tunable magnetism, and recently discovered extraordinary quantum transport behaviors. Despite numerous pioneering studies to date, the local magnetic properties of MnBi2Te4 (Bi2Te3) n remain an open question, hindering a comprehensive understanding of their fundamental material properties. Exploiting nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, we report nanoscale quantum imaging of the magnetic phase transitions and spin fluctuations in exfoliated MnBi4Te7 flakes, revealing the underlying spin transport physics and magnetic domains at the nanoscale. Our results highlight the unique advantage of NV centers in exploring the magnetic properties of emergent quantum materials, opening new opportunities for investigating the interplay between topology and magnetism.

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confidence: 99%

Quantum Imaging of Magnetic Phase Transitions and Spin Fluctuations in Intrinsic Magnetic Topological Nanoflakes

McLaughlin

Huang

et al. 2022

Nano Lett.

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“…5a-g show a series of V À B spin relaxation rate maps measured with temperatures between 165 K and 223 K. Note that the background of the intrinsic relaxation rate of V À B has been subtracted to highlight the contribution Γ M from the fluctuating magnetic fields generated by FGT (see Supplementary Information Note 4 for details). Due to the strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, the minimum magnon energy of FGT is larger than the ESR frequencies of V À B spin defects in our experimentally accessible magnetic field range, hence, the measured spin relaxation is driven by the longitudinal spin fluctuations of FGT, which is further related to the static longitudinal magnetic susceptibility χ 0 and the diffusive spin transport constant D 46,60,61 . When temperature is away from the quantum critical point, fluctuations in FGT are largely suppressed due to its vanishingly small magnetic susceptibility, leading to negligible spin relaxation rate Γ M of V À B defects (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…In addition to sensing static magnetic stray fields, the excellent quantum coherence of spin defects in hBN also provides the opportunity for probing fluctuating magnetic fields that are challenging to access by conventional magnetometry methods 47 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 55 . Lastly, we utilize the spin relaxometry method demonstrated above to probe the temperature dependence of the magnetic fluctuations in the FGT flake, revealing the intriguing physics underlying the longitudinal magnetic susceptibility and diffusive spin transport properties 60 , 61 . Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wide field imaging of van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2 by spin defects in hexagonal boron nitride

et al. 2022

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Emergent color centers with accessible spins hosted by van der Waals materials have attracted substantial interest in recent years due to their significant potential for implementing transformative quantum sensing technologies. Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is naturally relevant in this context due to its remarkable ease of integration into devices consisting of low-dimensional materials. Taking advantage of boron vacancy spin defects in hBN, we report nanoscale quantum imaging of low-dimensional ferromagnetism sustained in Fe3GeTe2/hBN van der Waals heterostructures. Exploiting spin relaxometry methods, we have further observed spatially varying magnetic fluctuations in the exfoliated Fe3GeTe2 flake, whose magnitude reaches a peak value around the Curie temperature. Our results demonstrate the capability of spin defects in hBN of investigating local magnetic properties of layered materials in an accessible and precise way, which can be extended readily to a broad range of miniaturized van der Waals heterostructure systems.

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“…Experimental techniques providing spatial resolution and imaging magnetic excitations in MOIs can provide a deeper insight especially in the regime of damping compensation. Here, magnetic imaging via nitrogen vacancies in diamond and associated scanning probe techniques provide nanometer scale resolution and the ability to investigate locally the magnon chemical potential 187,188 . It would be highly interesting to investigate these charge current induced changes in MOIs with different magnetic order to verify the assumed theoretical models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-electrical Magnon Transport Experiments in Magnetically Ordered Insulators

Althammer

2021

Preprint

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Angular momentum transport is one of the cornerstones of spintronics. Spin angular momentum is not only transported by mobile charge carriers, but also by the quantized excitations of the magnetic lattice in magnetically ordered systems. In this regard, magnetically ordered insulators provide a platform for magnon spin transport experiments without additional contributions from spin currents carried by mobile electrons. In combination with charge-to-spin current conversion processes in conductors with finite spin-orbit coupling it is possible to realize all-electrical magnon transport schemes in thin film heterostructures. This review provides an insight into such experiments and recent breakthroughs achieved. Special attention is given to charge current based manipulation via an adjacent normal metal of magnon transport in magnetically ordered insulators in terms of spin-transfer torque. Moreover, the influence of two magnon modes with opposite spin in antiferromagnetic insulators on all-electrical magnon transport experiments is discussed.

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Noninvasive measurements of spin transport properties of an antiferromagnetic insulator

Abstract: Nitrogen-vacancy centers offer an alternative way to detect spin diffusive transport in an antiferromagnet.

Cited by 26 publications

References 50 publications

Quantum Imaging of Magnetic Phase Transitions and Spin Fluctuations in Intrinsic Magnetic Topological Nanoflakes

Quantum Imaging of Magnetic Phase Transitions and Spin Fluctuations in Intrinsic Magnetic Topological Nanoflakes

Wide field imaging of van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2 by spin defects in hexagonal boron nitride

All-electrical Magnon Transport Experiments in Magnetically Ordered Insulators

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