Noninvasive Measurement of Gastric Emptying in Obstetric Patients

O’Sullivan, Geraldine; Sutton, Andrew; Thompson, Stephanie; Carrie, L.E.S.; Bullingham, R. E. S.

doi:10.1097/00132582-198804000-00041

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Although our study produced a good validation of area computation derived from installed software, the computation of small areas deviated markedly from that expected. This drawback of inaccurate measurement for small residual amounts or areas coincided with that of impedance epigastrography [6]. Actually, the later part of GE diagrams sometimes fluctuated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In addition, we found that omeprazole treatment resulted in an enhanced water GE, and not all GE studies were invariably obtained via the APT system, regardless of omeprazole or placebo premedication. Investigators have already confirmed that the accuracy of impedance-obtained GE is similar to that of scintigraphy or dye dilution study, even if it can be effectively employed in infants and pregnant women [6,7,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Usually, impedance GE measurement provides a rapid T 1/2 in the range of 7-15 min [6][7][8][9][13][14][15]. Simultaneous measurement using both impedance and scintigraphy indicates a 15% difference in T 1/2 [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using electrical impedance between tissues to measure GE looks to be a candidate for an ideal test. However, most GE measuring modalities do not require an acid inhibitor to suppress acid secretion before the test, except the impedance technique [4][5][6][7]. It has been suggested that the already-existing acid in the stomach increases tissue conductivity, which in turn diminishes impedance; thus, the obtained GE from this measure is incorrect [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Pharmacological Effect of Omeprazole on Water Gastric Emptying: A Study Based on an Impedance Measure

Chang

Chen

et al. 2001

Pharmacology

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The present study was performed to validate the accuracy of a self-designed applied-potential tomograph (APT) in measuring the cross area of a studied object and to assess the effect of omeprazole premedication on water gastric emptying (GE), based on APT. Twelve electrodes were evenly placed in a circular array around the studied subjects. Ten electrodes in a rotated order recorded the electrical current injected into paired electrodes. Based on tomography, averaged signals of changed resistivity were constructed to display the area of interest and GE curve. Six beakers of various diameters were respectively placed into a cylindrical perspex tank which was filled with saline to measure their cross areas via computer-generated diagrams of APT. One hour after either omeprazole (20 mg) or placebo premedication, 15 healthy males were ordered to consume 500 ml of test water to assess emptying for 40 min. Within 3 days, a similar procedure was repeated using the counterpart premedication. The true cross areas of the 6 beakers are 2.01, 15.9, 18.8, 30.19, 38.48 and 63.61 cm², whereas those obtained by APT were 7.9 ± 2.9, 16.7 ± 3.3, 22.4 ± 4.9, 28 ± 4.8, 48.7 ± 7.6 and 67 ± 6.1 cm², respectively (r = 0.98, p < 0.001). Valid emptying data were obtained in 73.3 and 86.6% of subjects, following placebo and omeprazole, respectively (not significant). The half emptying times were 12.7 ± 5.1 min for the placebo-treated group and 10.5 ± 3.6 min for the omeprazole-treated group, respectively (p < 0.05). The areas under the emptying curve were 1,611.5 ± 357.6 and 1,317.3 ± 316.7 arbitrary units, respectively (p < 0.01). In conclusion, our APT system is accurate for large-area measurements; acid inhibition before APT measurement does not increase the success rate but enhances water emptying. The interpretation of impedance-obtained GE should consider the acid-inhibitory effect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Pharmacological Effect of Omeprazole on Water Gastric Emptying: A Study Based on an Impedance Measure

Chang

Chen

et al. 2001

Pharmacology

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“…Undisturbed gastric emptying has been confirmed in human pregnancy [6,7,20]. Even gastric emptying remains the same during the peripartum period [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbed Small Intestinal Motility in the Late Rat Pregnancy

Chang

Lee

Yeh³

et al. 1998

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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We investigated whether various periods of pregnancy might disturb rat gastrointestinal motility. When the proestrus of female rats occurred, they were housed with male rats. Motility studies were conducted on day 7 (first period), day 14 (second) and day 21 (third) of pregnancy, respectively. After the orogastric feeding of radiochromium marker, rats were sacrificed 15 min later. Gastric emptyings of pregnant rats measured at various periods did not differ from the nonpregnant diestrus controls. The geometric center represented intestinal transits in the first, second and third periods of pregnancy and controls were (mean ±SEM) 4.54 ± 0.25, 4.47 ± 0.17, 3.61 ± 0.27 and 4.98 ± 0.13, respectively (p < 0.01) while their plasma progesterone levels were 15.6 ± 2.6, 18 ± 1.4, 7.1 ± 0.5 and 8.6 ± 0.4 ng/ml, respectively (p < 0.01). This shows that late pregnancy inhibits small intestinal transit, whereas gastric emptying remains unchanged. Altered progesterone during pregnancy is not a main mediator to disturb intestinal transit.

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