Nonidet p-40, a novel inducer, activates cucumber disease resistance against cucumber anthracnose disease

Abstract

SUMMARYThe present study found that a protein lysis buffer, used for the extraction of proteins from cells, showed efficacy in reducing the disease severity of cucumber anthracnose, which is caused by the anthracnose fungus. The lysis buffer and its individual components were examined for their function in reducing disease development of cucumber anthracnose on cucumber plants. Nonidet P-40, a nonionic detergent commonly used to isolate cell membrane complexes, was the most effective component of the lysis buffer for disease control. The treatment of cucumber plants with Nonidet P-40 at a concentration of 50 μl/l suppressed development of cucumber anthracnose, but it did not inhibit spore germination of the fungus. Cucumber plants were inoculated with the pathogen 30 min after treatment with Nonidet P-40, and a reduction in disease severity was observed. Expression of genes related to disease resistance (acidic class III chitinase, phenylalanine ammonialyase 1, peroxidase and pathogenesis-related protein 1-1a) were also examined after plants were treated with Nonidet P-40 and inoculated with the pathogen. The results indicate that Nonidet P-40 functions as a trigger for a stereotypic defence response in cucumber plants, including an increase in the expression levels of genes related to disease resistance.

Induction of Systemic Resistance in Cucumber by Hypovirulent Binucleate Rhizoctonia Against Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum orbiculare

“…(2008) reported that application of Pieris rapae extract onto the first true cucumber leaves effectively brought about systemic resistance against cucumber anthracnose with the enhancement of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase. Lin et al . (2014) demonstrated that protein lysis buffer and a non-ionic detergent agent applied to separate cell membrane complexes (Nonidet P-40) is effective to weaken cucumber anthracnose by triggering genes related to disease resistance (peroxidase and pathogenis associated with protein 1-1a, acidic class III chitinase, phenylalanine ammonialyase 1).…”

Identification of key genes promoting stamen formation induced by silver nitrate in gynoecious melon

“…Lin et al. (2019). observed that the earlier the silver nitrate treatment, the lower the initial flower node of the first bisexual flower.…”

Pathogenic fungal protein-induced resistance and its effects on vegetable diseases

“…Fungal hyphae (0·5 g) grown in PDB were harvested by centrifugation (Sigma/2 K-15, Sigma Lab GmbH, Osterode am Harz, Germany) at 5000 g for 20 min, ground in liquid nitrogen and sea sand using a pestle and mortar. Fungal proteins were purified using an extraction buffer, containing 0·7 m sucrose, 0·5 m Tris-base, 50 m m EDTA-Na 2 ·H 2 O, 0·1 m potassium chloride (KCl), 30 m m hydrochloric acid (HCl), 2% β -mercaptoethanol (2-ME), 2·8% polyvinylpyrrolidone and 2 m m PNSF (phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride), or a lysis buffer, each 100 ml containing 57·06 g urea, 4 g 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl) dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulphonate (CHAPS), 0·48 g Tris-base, 4 ml Triton X-100 and 4 ml Nonidet P-40 (Lin et al 2014). Fungal proteins were precipitated with cold 0·1 m ammonium acetate/methanol (v/v) for 16 h and dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), dialysed and quantified based on the Bradford dye-binding method (Bradford 1976).…”

“…Control plates were spread with water or PBS lysis buffer (100×) only. Lysis buffer containing Nonidet P-40 was diluted 100-fold because Nonidet P-40 alone has been found to activate cucumber disease resistance against anthracnose disease (Lin et al 2014).…”