Nonhomogeneous Deformation in the Anterior Leaflet of the Mitral Valve

Chen, Ling; McCulloch, Andrew D.; May‐Newman, Karen

doi:10.1007/s10439-004-7813-6

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Strut chordae maintain the geometry and integrity of the mitral apparatus and contribute to the normal nonhomogeneous deformation of the anterior mitral leaflet. 5,16 SCT produces immediate changes in the deformation field and systolic leaflet shape of the anterior leaflet. SCT enables greater leaflet mobility that is translated to the tissue as a decrease in the radial stretch and an increase in circumferential stretch in the lateral portion of the anterior leaflet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4(a)], so that the calculated deformations were referred to the anatomical axes. 5,30 The digitization, reconstruction, and transformation procedures were repeated for each pair of biplane images in pre-SCT and post-SCT.…”

Section: Marker Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data from the two views were merged using a standard linear transformation to yield the 3D coordinates of the marker centroid. 5,21 Perspective transformation matrices were calculated from the 3D calibration phantom. These matrices were used to reconstruct the 3D phantom coordinates of the surface markers.…”

Section: Marker Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stretch distributions were calculated by fitting a smooth bicubic polynomial parametric surface to the geometric measurements of 3D marker on the leaflet surface using a least squares technique as described in our previous study. 5 The reference state for stretch was chosen to be at a pressure level of 10 mmHg. The states at the pressure level higher than 10 mmHg were defined as deformed states.…”

Section: Deformation Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Strut Chordae Transection on Mitral Valve Leaflet Biomechanics

Chen

May‐Newman

2006

Ann Biomed Eng

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Strut chordae transection (SCT) has been recommended as a surgical treatment for mitral regurgitation (MR) arising from ischemic heart disease. However, little is known about the contribution of anterior strut chordae to leaflet tissue mechanics. In this study, experimental measurements of mitral valve deformation under quasi-static pressure loading were performed on isolated pig hearts before and after transecting both strut chordae. Biplane video images of markers placed on the anterior leaflet surface were used to reconstruct the 3D position of the markers. The 2D nonhomogeneous deformations in the anterior leaflet were calculated by least squares fit to the 3D marker coordinates in successive pressure loading states. Results show that the anterior leaflet undergoes large, anisotropic and nonhomogeneous deformation, with a significant radial stretch gradient and smaller, uniform circumferential stretch. Following chordal transection, the radial deformation decreases. A gradient in the circumferential stretch is observed as an increase from the annulus toward the coaptation line. Without the support provided by the strut chordae, the center portion of the anterior leaflet experienced a substantial change in shape in response to the systolic pressure, altering the load-bearing mechanism in the valvular structure. The shift of the deformation distribution suggests that additional strain energy is absorbed by the circumferentially oriented collagen fibers following SCT and may result in long-term tissue remodeling. This study provides detailed biomechanical data for interpreting the results of previous investigations of SCT, as well as for exploring a greater understanding of how SCT affects MR through computational modeling.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Marker Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Marker Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Deformation Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Strut Chordae Transection on Mitral Valve Leaflet Biomechanics

Chen

May‐Newman

2006

Ann Biomed Eng

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“…Two cameras in combination with ink, graphite or projected markers on the valves surface were used to reconstruct 3D movement of the leaflet surface and/or to calculate 3D surface strains. 4,[12][13][14]19,20,33,40 Nevertheless, strain was only calculated when the markers were applied invasively, and the focus in these studies was laid on bioprosthetic valves instead of tissue engineered heart valves. A study is known in which deformation of tissue engineered valve leaflets was determined at several conditioning stages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real Time, Non-Invasive Assessment of Leaflet Deformation in Heart Valve Tissue Engineering

et al. 2008

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Abstract-In heart valve tissue engineering, most bioreactors try to mimic physiological flow and operate with a preset transvalvular pressure applied to the tissue. The induced deformations are unknown and can vary during culturing as a consequence of changing mechanical properties of the engineered construct. Real-time measurement and control of local tissue strains are desired to systematically study the effects of mechanical loading on tissue development and, consequently, to design an optimal conditioning protocol. In this study, a method is presented to assess local tissue strains in heart valve leaflets during culturing. We hypothesize that local tissue strains can be determined from volumetric deformation. Volumetric deformation is defined as the amount of fluid displaced by the deformed heart valve leaflets in a stented configuration, and is measured, noninvasively, using a flow sensor. A numerical model is employed to relate volumetric deformation to local tissue strains in various regions of the leaflets (e.g. belly and commissures). The flow-based deformation measurement method was validated and its functionality was demonstrated in a tissue engineering experiment. Tri-leaflet, stented heart valves were cultured in vitro and during mechanical conditioning, realistic values for volumetric and local deformation were obtained.

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Modelling mitral valvular dynamics–current trend and future directions

Gao

Feng

et al. 2017

Numer Methods Biomed Eng

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Dysfunction of mitral valve causes morbidity and premature mortality and remains a leading medical problem worldwide. Computational modelling aims to understand the biomechanics of human mitral valve and could lead to the development of new treatment, prevention and diagnosis of mitral valve diseases. Compared with the aortic valve, the mitral valve has been much less studied owing to its highly complex structure and strong interaction with the blood flow and the ventricles. However, the interest in mitral valve modelling is growing, and the sophistication level is increasing with the advanced development of computational technology and imaging tools. This review summarises the state‐of‐the‐art modelling of the mitral valve, including static and dynamics models, models with fluid‐structure interaction, and models with the left ventricle interaction. Challenges and future directions are also discussed.

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Nonhomogeneous Deformation in the Anterior Leaflet of the Mitral Valve

Cited by 35 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of Strut Chordae Transection on Mitral Valve Leaflet Biomechanics

Effect of Strut Chordae Transection on Mitral Valve Leaflet Biomechanics

Real Time, Non-Invasive Assessment of Leaflet Deformation in Heart Valve Tissue Engineering

Modelling mitral valvular dynamics–current trend and future directions

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