Nonequilibrium thermodynamics of membrane transport

Hwang, Sun‐Tak

doi:10.1002/aic.10082

Cited by 37 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…If the penetrant is a liquid, the boundary layer resistances are especially significant and cannot be ignored. Based on the analogy between the mass transfer process and electrical circuit, the overall mass transfer resistance can be calculated as the sum of individual resistances through each layer, except in some cases that are discussed at the end of this review: (1) where K is the overall mass transfer coefficient, k l1 and k l2 are the mass transfer coefficients through each boundary layer in the upstream and downstream sides, and k m is the mass transfer coefficient of membrane itself. If the membrane consists of several layers, such as in the case of a laminate composite membrane that includes most of the polymeric and inorganic membranes, the total membrane resistance must be calculated as the sum of individual resistances: (2) where k m is the overall membrane mass transfer coefficient, and k m1 , k m2 , etc., are the mass transfer coefficients through each composite layer.…”

Section: Resistance In Series Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fundamentals of membrane transport

Hwang

2010

Korean J. Chem. Eng.

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A review is presented to give a generalized membrane transport theory based on the principles of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. This theory is then used to develop specific flux equations for gas separation, pervaporation, osmosis, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, dialysis, and electrodialysis. All membrane processes suffer from boundary layer mass transfer resistances caused by concentration polarization. The convective motions parallel and perpendicular to the membrane surface are distinguishable, and the former becomes more relevant than the latter in the boundary layer mass transfer. The modified Péclet number is introduced and its importance is discussed in characterizing the boundary layer mass transfers of various membrane processes. Many different transport mechanisms through membrane itself are reviewed including the solution-diffusion model, pore model, permeation through composite membranes, and transport through inorganic membranes. Finally, the differences between membrane mass transfer and other mass transfer are delineated, including a discussion of negative mass transfer coefficient.

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Section: Resistance In Series Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The voltage difference must be considered along with the concentration difference as the driving forces for electrodialysis. These seemingly complicated situations can be unified if the chemical potential difference is used as the universal driving force [1].…”

Section: Driving Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamentals of membrane transport

Hwang

2010

Korean J. Chem. Eng.

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“…Hwang [6] applied the principles of thermodynamics of NET to analyze different membrane processes, including pervaporation, in homogeneous systems. Hwang developed a general guideline to describe a given membrane process from a theoretical standpoint, which yields flux equations with appropriate driving forces easily related to experimentally observable quantities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A non-equilibrium thermodynamics model of multicomponent mass and heat transport in pervaporation processes

Villaluenga

Kjelstrup

2012

Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics

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The framework of non-equilibrium thermodynamics (NET) is used to derive heat and mass transport equations for pervaporation of a binary mixture in a membrane. In this study, the assumption of equilibrium of the sorbed phase in the membrane and the adjacent phases at the feed and permeate sides of the membrane is abandoned, defining the interface properties using local equilibrium. The transport equations have been used to model the pervaporation of a water-ethanol mixture, which is typically encountered in the dehydration of organics. The water and ethanol activities and temperature profiles are calculated taking mass and heat coupling effects and surfaces into account. The NET approach is deemed good because the temperature results provided by the model are comparable to experimental results available for water-alcohol systems.

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“…The interpretation of the results of those experiments was based on the linear nonequlibrium thermodynamics of membrane transport [10]. In this approach one assumes that solute flux through membrane [mol m -2 s -1 ]] linearly depends on the concentration difference on the both sides of membrane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solute permeation through lipid membrane: Statistical Rate Theory approach

Piasecki¹,

Charmas²

2011

Annales UMCS, Chemistry

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A new model describing transport across lipid membrane was developed based on the Statistical Rate Theory (SRT) of interfacial transfer. In our calculations we replaced lipid membrane with well-defined octanol membrane. According to SRT the rate of solute transfer across water/octanol interface depends on the ratio of solute concentration in the both phases and the water/octanol partition coefficient. In the case of thick membranes and thick diffuse layers our model predicts almost linear dependence of flux on concentration gradient. However, for thin membranes and thin diffuse layers flux becomes nonlinear function of concentration gradient, especially for more polar solutes and higher gradients.

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Nonequilibrium thermodynamics of membrane transport

Cited by 37 publications

References 13 publications

Fundamentals of membrane transport

Fundamentals of membrane transport

A non-equilibrium thermodynamics model of multicomponent mass and heat transport in pervaporation processes

Solute permeation through lipid membrane: Statistical Rate Theory approach

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