Abstract:We study the Casimir pressure between two similar plates of finite thickness kept at different temperatures in the case when the dielectric permittivity of the plates depends on temperature. It is suggested to consider the dielectric permittivity at two different temperatures as the permittivities of two dissimilar bodies, thus allowing to apply the theory of Casimir forces out of thermal equilibrium developed earlier in the literature. Following this approach, we show that, in addition to the equilibrium cont… Show more
“…1 display similar trends as those presented by Ingold et al in Ref. 30 . Figure 1 Casimir pressure between two semi-infinite YBCO plates in and out of thermal equilibrium as a function of the plates separation, L .…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 88%
“…The success of this latter formulation was shown by comparing with experimental measurements of the interaction between a Bose–Einstein condensate of trapped atoms and a flat surface at a temperature different from that of the environment 28 . Recently, the non-equilibrium Casimir force between two similar metallic plates of Au and Ti kept at different temperatures and considering the temperature dependence of their dielectric permittivity was calculated by Ingold et al 30 . With that purpose, they introduced a temperature-dependent electronic relaxation rate, .…”
We present a comprehensive analysis of the out-of-equilibrium Casimir pressure between two high-$$T_c$$
T
c
superconducting plates, each kept at a different temperature. Two interaction regimes can be distinguished. While the zero-point energy dominates in the near field, thermal effects become important at large interplate separations causing a drop in the force’s magnitude compared with the usual thermal-equilibrium case. Our detailed calculations highlight the competing role played by propagating and evanescent modes. Moreover, as one of the plates undergoes the superconducting transition, we predict an abrupt change in the force for any plate distance, which has not been previously observed in other systems. The sensitivity of the dielectric function of the high-$$T_c$$
T
c
superconductors makes them ideal systems for a possible direct measurement of the out-of-equilibrium Casimir pressure.
“…1 display similar trends as those presented by Ingold et al in Ref. 30 . Figure 1 Casimir pressure between two semi-infinite YBCO plates in and out of thermal equilibrium as a function of the plates separation, L .…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 88%
“…The success of this latter formulation was shown by comparing with experimental measurements of the interaction between a Bose–Einstein condensate of trapped atoms and a flat surface at a temperature different from that of the environment 28 . Recently, the non-equilibrium Casimir force between two similar metallic plates of Au and Ti kept at different temperatures and considering the temperature dependence of their dielectric permittivity was calculated by Ingold et al 30 . With that purpose, they introduced a temperature-dependent electronic relaxation rate, .…”
We present a comprehensive analysis of the out-of-equilibrium Casimir pressure between two high-$$T_c$$
T
c
superconducting plates, each kept at a different temperature. Two interaction regimes can be distinguished. While the zero-point energy dominates in the near field, thermal effects become important at large interplate separations causing a drop in the force’s magnitude compared with the usual thermal-equilibrium case. Our detailed calculations highlight the competing role played by propagating and evanescent modes. Moreover, as one of the plates undergoes the superconducting transition, we predict an abrupt change in the force for any plate distance, which has not been previously observed in other systems. The sensitivity of the dielectric function of the high-$$T_c$$
T
c
superconductors makes them ideal systems for a possible direct measurement of the out-of-equilibrium Casimir pressure.
“…The predicted equilibrium (T 1 = T 2 ) and nonequilibrium (T 1 ̸ = T 2 ) pressure turn out to be of the order of the Casimir pressure obtained experimentally between two gold plates at T = 300 K. For distances L > 3 µm, our results imply that nonequilibrium pressure is 80% of the equilibrium one, and they are consistent with those reported in Ref. 30 for Au plates at different temperatures. The out-of-equilibrium Casimir force could be measured using the on-chip platform described before, based on an optomechanical cavity in combination with a grounded capacitor made 6/10 of free-standing superconducting plates 23 .…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 91%
“…The success of this latter formulation was shown by comparing with experimental measurements of the interaction between a Bose-Einstein condensate of trapped atoms and a flat surface at a temperature different from that of the environment 28 . Recently, the non-equilibrium Casimir force between two similar metallic plates of Au and Ti kept at different temperatures and considering the temperature dependence of their dielectric permittivity was calculated by Ingold et al 30 . With that purpose, they introduced a temperature-dependent electronic relaxation rate, γ(T ).…”
We present a comprehensive analysis of the out-of-equilibrium Casimir pressure between two high-T c superconducting plates, each kept at a different temperature. Two interaction regimes can be distinguished. While the zero-point energy dominates in the near field, thermal effects become important at large interplate separations causing a drop in the force’s magnitude compared with the usual thermal-equilibrium case. Our detailed calculations highlight the competing role played by propagating and evanescent modes. Moreover, as one of the plates undergoes the superconducting transition, we predict a sudden discontinuity in the force for any plate distance, which has not been previously observed in other systems. The sensitivity of the dielectric function of the high-T c superconductors makes them ideal systems for a possible direct measurement of the out-of-equilibrium Casimir pressure.
“…The top two solid lines in Figure 1 (out-of-thermal-equilibrium situation, but VO 2 film is in the metallic phase) were computed by Equations (1), (3), and ( 6)-( 8) at respective temperatures. Note that ( 6) and ( 8) take into account the dependence of the conductivity of metal on temperature as a parameter, as it should be done also for nonequilibrium Casimir force between two parallel plates [82].…”
Section: The Casimir-polder Force Between Different Atoms and Vo 2 Film On A Sapphire Wallmentioning
We consider the out-of-thermal-equilibrium Casimir-Polder interaction between atoms of He*, Na, Cs, and Rb and a cavity wall made of sapphire coated with a vanadium dioxide film which undergoes the dielectric-to-metal phase transition with increasing wall temperature. Numerical computations of the Casimir-Polder force and its gradient as the functions of atom-wall separation and wall temperature are made when the latter exceeds the temperature of the environment. The obtained results are compared with those in experiment on measuring the gradient of the Casimir-Polder force between 87Rb atoms and a silica glass wall out of thermal equilibrium. It is shown that the use of phase-change wall material significantly increases the force magnitude and especially the force gradient, as opposed to the case of a dielectric wall.
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