Nonenzymatic Hydrogen Peroxide Detection Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering of Gold–Silver Core–Shell-Assembled Silica Nanostructures

Abstract

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) plays important roles in cellular signaling and in industry. Thus, the accurate detection of H2O2 is critical for its application. Unfortunately, the direct detection of H2O2 by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is not possible because of its low Raman cross section. Therefore, the detection of H2O2 via the presence of an intermediary such as 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) has recently been developed. In this study, the peroxidase-mimicking activity of gold–silver core–shell-assembled silica nanostructures (SiO2@Au@Ag alloy NPs) in the presence of TMB was investigated using SERS for detecting H2O2. In the presence of H2O2, the SiO2@Au@Ag alloy catalyzed the conversion of TMB to oxidized TMB, which was absorbed onto the surface of the SiO2@Au@Ag alloy. The SERS characteristics of the alloy in the TMB–H2O2 mixture were investigated. The evaluation of the SERS band to determine the H2O2 level utilized the SERS intensity of oxidized TMB bands. Moreover, the optimal conditions for H2O2 detection using SiO2@Au@Ag alloy included incubating 20 µg/mL SiO2@Au@Ag alloy NPs with 0.8 mM TMB for 15 min and measuring the Raman signal at 400 µg/mL SiO2@Au@Ag alloy NPs.

Hierarchical NiMn Layered Double Hydroxide Nanostructures on Carbon Cloth for Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide

“…At present, different analytical methods have been applied to detect H 2 O 2 , such as fluorescence, liquid chromatography, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, chemiluminescence, and electrochemistry . Among them, electrochemical technology has been widely applied due to its easy operation, high sensitivity, and high selectivity. − Traditional H 2 O 2 sensors usually use natural enzymes as the receptor, but the low stability and complex immobilization process limit their application .…”

Bioinspired Fabrication of Two-Dimensional Metal–Organic Framework-Based Nanozyme for Sensitive Colorimetric Detection of Glutathione

“…At a constant pH of 4.0, the activity of MOFs gradually increases by raising the temperature from 15 to 35 °C (Figure C). A further increase in temperature leads to a slight decrease in the apparent activity, which might arise from the instability of ox-TMB at higher temperatures. , Maintaining the temperature at 35 °C, the influence of pH has been studied in the range of 2.0 to 7.0 and the best activity was acquired at pH 4.0 (Figure D). Therefore, the optimal condition for the enzymatic reaction is selected at 35 °C with a pH value of 4.0.…”

Synthesis of Gold-Platinum Core-Shell Nanoparticles Assembled on a Silica Template and Their Peroxidase Nanozyme Properties

“…Nanozymes, a new functional nanomaterial with enzyme-like catalytic activity, have several advantages when compared with natural enzymes, including high stability in harsh environments, low production costs, large specific surface areas, and customizable catalytic activities based on size, morphology, and composition [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. A series of nanomaterials made from metals, metal oxides, and other materials including Pt [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], Au [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ], Ag [ 19 ], Cu [ 20 ], Fe 3 O 4 [ 21 ], CeO 2 [ 22 ], MnO 2 [ 23 ], Mn 3 O 4 [ 24 , 25 ], conducting polymers [ 26 ], metal–organic frameworks [ 27 ], carbon nanomaterials [ 28 ], and single-atom catalysts [ 29 ] have been prepared for use as nanozymes. These nanozymes have been used as bio(chemical) sensors, in immunoassays, for drug delivery, and as antibacterial agents [ 3 , 12 , 13 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ].…”