Nonenzymatic Antioxidant Activity of Four Organosulfur Compounds Derived from Garlic

Yin, Mei‐chin; Hwang, Shu-Yuen; Chan, Kung‐Chi

doi:10.1021/jf0204203

Cited by 114 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For example, polysulfide compounds (i.e., DATS) have previously been shown to be antioxidants and modify thiol proteins (41,42). It is possible that some of the effects of DATS that we observed are independent of H 2 S release and are a result of DATS-mediated protein modifications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Hydrogen sulfide cytoprotective signaling is endothelial nitric oxide synthase-nitric oxide dependent

King

Polhemus

Bhushan

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

325

312

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Previous studies have demonstrated that hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) protects against multiple cardiovascular disease states in a similar manner as nitric oxide (NO). H 2 S therapy also has been shown to augment NO bioavailability and signaling. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of H 2 S deficiency on endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) function, NO production, and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We found that mice lacking the H 2 S-producing enzyme cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) exhibit elevated oxidative stress, dysfunctional eNOS, diminished NO levels, and exacerbated myocardial and hepatic I/R injury. In CSE KO mice, acute H 2 S therapy restored eNOS function and NO bioavailability and attenuated I/R injury. In addition, we found that H 2 S therapy fails to protect against I/R in eNOS phosphomutant mice (S1179A). Our results suggest that H 2 S-mediated cytoprotective signaling in the setting of I/R injury is dependent in large part on eNOS activation and NO generation.eNOS uncoupling | myocardial infarction | cystathionase | Cth | nitrite H ydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), historically known for its odorous smell and toxicity at high concentrations, has recently been classified as a physiological signaling molecule with robust cytoprotective actions in multiple organ systems (1-3). H 2 S is produced enzymatically in mammalian tissues by three different enzymes: cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS), and 3-mercatopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST). CSE, involved in the cysteine biosynthesis pathway, coordinates with L-cystine to produce H 2 S within the vasculature and is known to regulate blood pressure, modulate cellular metabolism, promote angiogenesis, regulate ion channels, and mitigate fibrosis and inflammation (4). Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) catalyzes the production of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine within the endothelium to regulate vascular tone via cGMP signaling in vascular smooth muscle, mitochondrial respiration, platelet function, inflammation, and angiogenesis. The biological profiles of H 2 S and NO are similar, and both molecules are known to protect cells against various injurious states that result in organ injury. Although H 2 S and NO are thought to modulate independent signaling pathways, there is limited evidence of cross-talk between these two molecules (5, 6).H 2 S therapeutics and endogenous overexpression of CSE have been shown to attenuate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury (7,8). Similarly, NO therapy and eNOS gene overexpression are also protective in ischemic disease states (9). Given the potent antioxidant actions of H 2 S (10, 11) and the effects of exogenous H 2 S therapy on NO bioavailability (5, 8), we investigated the effects of genetic deletion of the cystathionase gene (Cth, i.e., CSE KO) on the regulation of eNOS function and NO bioavailability. ResultsSulfide Levels are Reduced in CSE KO Mice. Whole blood and heart specimens were collected from WT and CSE KO mice to measure H 2 S levels using a high-sensitivity gas chromato...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Hydrogen sulfide cytoprotective signaling is endothelial nitric oxide synthase-nitric oxide dependent

King

Polhemus

Bhushan

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

325

312

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“…Reducing capacity of Allium extracts was not investigated, however, high antioxidant activity of red onion scales (Velioglu et al, 1998) and garlic (Yin and Cheng, 1998) was reported. Non-enzymatic antioxidant activity of garlic extract was also reported by Yin et al (2002). However, according to some authors (Amagase et al, 2001;Imai et al, 1994), this antioxidant activity (AOX) was more attributed to the organosulfur compounds.…”

Section: Total Phenolicsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Free-radical scavenging capacity and antioxidant properties of some selected onions (Allium cepa L.) and garlic (Allium sativum L.) extracts

Benkeblia

2005

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

162

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“…IAAs have no effects on the radical scavenge activity of α-tocopherol and BHT. These results showed that sulfhydryl compounds containing thiol groups in garlic, maybe diallyl trisulfide, are responsible for part of the ABTS radical scavenging activity of garlic [23]. Figure 7.…”

Section: Reducing Powermentioning

confidence: 90%

Determination of Antioxidant Activity in Garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i>) Extracts Subjected to Boiling Process <i>in vitro</i>

Liu¹,

Yang²,

Yao³

et al. 2014

JFNR

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Garlic is a vegetable known to be a good antioxidant food resource around the world. Several studies on the antioxidant activity of garlic, mainly conducted using one or two methods, have been reported. However, comparison of the antioxidant activity of garlic before and after cooking is rarely reported. In this study, we compared the antioxidant activity of garlic aqueous and methanol extracts processed before and after boiling to mimic the cooking process. By testing the antioxidant activities of the extracts in different chemical mimic systems in vitro, namely, ABTS [2, 2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] and DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activities, reducing power, and metal chelating ability, we found the following data: (1) no significant difference was observed on the ABTS radical scavenging activities of garlic aqueous and methanol extracts before and after boiling process; (2) the reducing power of garlic aqueous and methanol extracts decreased by 25.9% and 14.1%, respectively, whereas the metal chelating activity of boiled garlic aqueous extracts increased by 54.7%; and (3) DPPH radical scavenging test may not be suitable to examine the garlic extracts. In addition, the ABTS radical scavenging activities of garlic extracts were very stable at pH ranges similar in human bodies, and both sulfhydryl and phenolic compounds were probably responsible for the antioxidant ability of garlic. The boiling process destroyed only a small part of garlic bio-ingredients related to antioxidant activity properties.

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Nonenzymatic Antioxidant Activity of Four Organosulfur Compounds Derived from Garlic

Cited by 114 publications

References 26 publications

Hydrogen sulfide cytoprotective signaling is endothelial nitric oxide synthase-nitric oxide dependent

Hydrogen sulfide cytoprotective signaling is endothelial nitric oxide synthase-nitric oxide dependent

Free-radical scavenging capacity and antioxidant properties of some selected onions (Allium cepa L.) and garlic (Allium sativum L.) extracts

Determination of Antioxidant Activity in Garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i>) Extracts Subjected to Boiling Process <i>in vitro</i>

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