Nondestructive evaluation of reactor pressure vessel steels using the giant magnetoimpedance sensor

Abstract

Recently, the giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) effect found in amorphous wires has been noticed as a method for sensing a magnetic field. The GMI sensor was applied to nondestructive evaluation of microstructural changes for reactor pressure vessel steels passing through the refining process. They were measured by using a GMI sensor and the measured GMI signals were strongly influenced by the microstructural features. The signals are closely related to the grain size, carbide morphology, lath width, and lath boundary that act as a barrier to irreversible domain wall motion.

Magnetoresistive Sensors for Surface Scanning

“…Nevertheless, since the GMI response strongly depends on the composition and shape of the sensor core a double-core GMI sensor based on Co-based amorphous magnetic wires, with reduced size has shown improved sensitivity [55]. The high magnetic field sensitivity of GMI sensors has already proved important in microstructural characterization at close proximity of the samples [56], being also used for detection surface of cracks [53], corrosion defects [56] and embedded flaws [57]. Table In table 1 one compares figures of merit of selected sensors discussed above.…”

Non‐destructive Crack detection using GMI sensor

“…The giant magnetoimpedance sensor can be used either to detect magnetic fields created by current passing through conductors or to detect localised magnetic fields non-destructive testing applications [3]. The occurred discontinuity resulting from a crack also produces disturbance in the magnetic field in the material, and the magnitude of the disturbance is determined by the size and shape of the crack.…”

Transdutor De Pressão Ultrassensível Baseado Na Leitura De Fase De Sensores Gmi

“…Apesar de ter sido observada em 1935 [1], só atraiu a atenção dos pesquisadores na década de 1990, quando passaram a enxergar seu grande potencial [11][12]. Mesmo encontrando-se ainda em fase de desenvolvimento, já foi usada para diversas aplicações, dentre as quais se podem destacar: detectores de presença [26], controle de processos industriais [27], pesquisa espacial e aplicações aeroespaciais [11][12][13][14], sistemas de navegação [18], memórias de alta densidade e HDs [28], controle de tráfego [15], detecção de fissuras em materiais [16][17], microfluídica [29] e aplicações biológicas e biomédicas [3,[19][20].…”

“…Eles desempenham um papel muito importante para a tecnologia moderna, sendo usados em diversas aplicações, como: sensores de posição [10], pesquisa espacial e aplicações aeroespaciais [11][12][13][14], controle de tráfego [15], detecção de fissuras em materiais [16][17], sistemas de navegação [18] e aplicações biomédicas [3,[19][20].…”