Nonconventional Wastewater Treatment for the Degradation of Fuel Oxygenated (MTBE, ETBE, and TAME)

Que, Zenaida Guerra; Torres, José Gilberto Torres; López, Ignacio Cuauhtémoc; Pérez, Juan Carlos Arévalo; Uribe, Adrian Cervantes; Vidal, H.; Reyna, Alejandra E. Espinosa de los Monteros; Sosa, José G. Pacheco; Rocha, María Antonia Lunagómez; Trinidad, Cecilia Sánchez

doi:10.5772/intechopen.84250

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The activity of these materials in the CWAO of ETBE, reveals that CO 2 selectivity is complete with all the materials prepared by the impregnation method, with the sol gel method the catalysts are completely selective only up to 10 % Cu and with the method of impregnation modified with urea no material was totally selective to CO 2 . [43] Comparing the above, with the results obtained in this investigation we observe that in this work all the catalysts prepared have a CO 2 selectivity of 100 % in the CWAO of the ETBE, which describes a greater efficiency in the materials. In the case of TAME, the work presented above only describes that the material prepared by the sol gel method with 15 % Cu and the material synthesized by impregnation modified with urea with 5 % Cu, are the only ones that complete the CO 2 selectivity with this pollutant model molecule.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Effect of the CuAl₂O₄and CuAlO₂Phases in Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation of ETBE and TAME using CuO/γ‐Al₂O₃catalysts

et al. 2019

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This paper studies Cu/Al 2 O 3 catalysts, synthesized in two ways: copper deposit in the synthesis of alumina (sol gel) and incipient impregnation stabilized at 400 °C. The materials were characterized by X‐ray diffraction studies, nitrogen physisorption, temperature programmed reduction of H 2 , dehydration of isopropanol, scanning electronic microscopy, transmission electronic microscopy, which were evaluated in the liquid phase oxidation reaction of ethyl tert‐butyl ether and tert‐amyl methyl ether. The formation of CuAl 2 O 4 and CuAlO 2 in the samples synthesized by sol gel, led to a modification of the texture, thus resulting in an expansion of the specific area of the materials. CuAl 2 O 4 and CuAlO 2 have been identified by DRX from a content of 10 % Copper, the first showed the highest intensity with this technique. In the same way, these species favor the presence of Lewis acid sites; this is reflected in the materials with (Di‐isopropyl Ether) DIPE of 96.7 % and 91.1 % for the samples SAlCu5 and SAlCu15 respectively. The catalytic activity of the materials prepared by sol gel is in the function of the number of surface acid sites, the smaller particle size of the Cu and the surface of the contact, in the case of the ETBE meanwhile for TAME the activity was based mainly on the strength of the present acid sites. With impregnated materials, the activity is attributed to the smaller particle size of the Cu and the greater strength of the surface acid sites in the solid. The formation of spinel species inhibits the leaching phenomenon in the reaction milieu.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Effect of the CuAl₂O₄and CuAlO₂Phases in Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation of ETBE and TAME using CuO/γ‐Al₂O₃catalysts

et al. 2019

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“…This information is provided by chromatography liquid, gas, high-performance chromatography, coupled to mass spectrometry, ultravioletvisible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering equipment, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. [237][238][239][240][241] These and other techniques have already been compiled in terms of regulation, as in the review of Karamanidou et al (2021), which refers to the different approaches, methodologies, and regulatory frameworks used in the cosmetics industry as well as the information the sector provides about the used NMs. 201 Paterson et al (2011) also addressed the technical aspects of monitoring anthropogenic NPs and included the analysis techniques for their characterisation; 242 Linsinger et al…”

Section: Challenges and Advances Towards A Standardised Regulatory Pr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Safe nanomaterials: from their use, application, and disposal to regulations

Chávez-Hernández,

Velarde-Salcedo,

Navarro-Tovar

et al. 2024

Nanoscale Adv.

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“…The production of engineered nanomaterials spans diverse applications across multiple domains, with an estimated 500 tons of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) alone manufactured for industrial and biomedical purposes . Because of their unique optoelectronic properties, catalytic capabilities, and robust broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties, − AgNPs are commercialized into various products such as wound dressing and food packaging materials. , They are highly sought after in the medical community for use in plasmonic antennas, diagnostic agents, and nanoprobes for targeted imaging of biomolecules like proteins, cell tissue, and tumors . Their localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) band near-infrared (NIR) window (700–900 nm) makes them ideal for use as photothermal agents for tumor reduction, − and their high X-ray attenuation makes them desirable for X-ray imaging agents. , As AgNP production increases, it is becoming increasingly important to design stable AgNPs with the desired optical and electronic properties while maintaining their homogeneity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size- and Shape-Dependent Interactions of Lipid-Coated Silver Nanoparticles: An Improved Mechanistic Understanding through Model Cell Membranes and In Vivo Toxicity

Nieves Lira,

Carpenter,

Baio

et al. 2024

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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The widespread use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in various applications and industries has brought to light the need for understanding the complex relationship between the physicochemical properties (shape, size, charge, and surface chemistry) of AgNPs that affect their ability to enter cells and cause toxicity. To evaluate their toxicological outcomes, this study systematically analyzed a series of homogeneous hybrid lipid-coated AgNPs spanning sizes from 5 to 100 nm with diverse shapes (spheres, triangles, and cubes). The hybrid lipid membrane comprises hydrogenated phosphatidylcholine (HPC), sodium oleate (SOA), and hexanethiol (HT), which shield the AgNP surface from surface oxidation and toxic Ag+ ion release to minimize its contribution to toxicity. To reduce any significant effects by surface chemistry, the HPC, SOA, and HT membrane composition ratio was kept constant, and the AgNPs were assessed using embryonic zebrafish (Danio rerio). While a direct comparison cannot be drawn due to the lack of complementary sizes below 40 nm for triangular plates and cubes due to synthetic challenges, significant mortality was observed for spherical AgNPs (AgNSs) of 5, 20, 40, and 60 nm at 120 h postfertilization at concentrations ≥6 mg Ag/L. In contrast, the 10, 80, and 100 nm AgNSs, 40, 70, and 100 nm triangular plate AgNPs (AgNPLs), and 55, 75, and 100 nm cubic AgNPs (AgNCs) showed no significant mortality at 5 days postfertilization following exposure to AgNPs at concentrations up to 12 mg Ag/L. With constant surface chemistry on the AgNPs, size is the dominant factor driving toxicological responses, with smaller nanoparticles (5 to 60 nm) being the most toxic. Larger AgNSs, AgNCs, and AgNPLs from 75 to 100 nm do not show any evidence of toxicity. However, when closely examining sizes between 40 and 60 nm for AgNSs, AgNCs, and AgNPLs, there is evidence that discriminates shape as a driver of toxicity since sublethal responses generally were observed to follow a pattern, suggesting toxicity is most significant for AgNSs followed by AgNPLs and then AgNCs, which is the least toxic. Sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy showed that irrespective of size or shape, all hybrid lipid-coated AgNPs interact with membrane surfaces and “snorkel” between phases into the lipid monolayer with minimal energetic cost. These findings decisively demonstrate that not only smaller AgNPs but also the shape of the AgNPs influences their biological compatibility.

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Nonconventional Wastewater Treatment for the Degradation of Fuel Oxygenated (MTBE, ETBE, and TAME)

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of the CuAl₂O₄and CuAlO₂Phases in Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation of ETBE and TAME using CuO/γ‐Al₂O₃catalysts

Effect of the CuAl₂O₄and CuAlO₂Phases in Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation of ETBE and TAME using CuO/γ‐Al₂O₃catalysts

Safe nanomaterials: from their use, application, and disposal to regulations

Size- and Shape-Dependent Interactions of Lipid-Coated Silver Nanoparticles: An Improved Mechanistic Understanding through Model Cell Membranes and In Vivo Toxicity

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Nonconventional Wastewater Treatment for the Degradation of Fuel Oxygenated (MTBE, ETBE, and TAME)

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of the CuAl2O4and CuAlO2Phases in Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation of ETBE and TAME using CuO/γ‐Al2O3catalysts

Effect of the CuAl2O4and CuAlO2Phases in Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation of ETBE and TAME using CuO/γ‐Al2O3catalysts

Safe nanomaterials: from their use, application, and disposal to regulations

Size- and Shape-Dependent Interactions of Lipid-Coated Silver Nanoparticles: An Improved Mechanistic Understanding through Model Cell Membranes and In Vivo Toxicity

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Product

Resources

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Effect of the CuAl₂O₄and CuAlO₂Phases in Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation of ETBE and TAME using CuO/γ‐Al₂O₃catalysts

Effect of the CuAl₂O₄and CuAlO₂Phases in Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation of ETBE and TAME using CuO/γ‐Al₂O₃catalysts