Noncontact Electrical Probe for Monitoring Cellular Processes in Primary Retinal Explants

Abstract

Quantitative assessment involving noncontact electrical methods without the need for microscopy can enable a remote user to monitor the cell growth and development at different stages. In this line of pursuit, the utility of ultrahigh impedance, air‐suspended capacitively coupled electric potential sensors to monitor electrically active cells is examined. Standard cell lines and chick retinal explants on a variety of optoelectronically active polymer substrates are utilized to demonstrate the utility of this sensor placed in proximity without physical contact. Burst firing in developing chick retina in the early stage when photoreceptors are not developed can be observed via the photoexcitation of optoelectronic substrates using this noncontact sensing method.

An integrated 3D fluidic device with bubble guidance mechanism for long-term primary and secondary cell recordings on multi-electrode array platform

“…A key problem faced in recording and culturing platforms that needs to be addressed is the retention of bubbles in these chambers that affect dissolved O concentrations and lead to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species that result in oxidative stress leading to cell death. The 3D-FD provides an elegant solution to this problem with a helical bubble guidance path [47]. The dynamics of bubbles within the MD can be simulated using a volume of fluid method which is geometry-based and works on the principle of conservation of different fluid volumes.…”

Materials, Devices, and Applications for Wearable and Implantable Electronics

“…A similar signal relevant to the eye, electroretinogram (ERG), provides the electrical potential of the retina, with an important role in diagnosing vision loss or in visual electrophysiology studies. 163,164 EEG can be defined as oscillations of electrical potentials in the brain, i.e., brain waves, caused by ionic currents within the neurons. 165 EEG examines cognitive functions of the brain in a noninvasive way and provides potential opportunities for detecting neurological disorders including epilepsy or developing brain−computer interfaces (BCIs).…”

“…In combination with such features, an EES designed similar to the epidermis enabled intimate, conformal integration to the skin, allowing stable and precise measurements of EOG upon various eye movements by locating the electrodes near the left and right eyes. A similar signal relevant to the eye, electroretinogram (ERG), provides the electrical potential of the retina, with an important role in diagnosing vision loss or in visual electrophysiology studies. , EEG can be defined as oscillations of electrical potentials in the brain, i.e., brain waves, caused by ionic currents within the neurons . EEG examines cognitive functions of the brain in a noninvasive way and provides potential opportunities for detecting neurological disorders including epilepsy or developing brain–computer interfaces (BCIs). , Although EEG has commonly been recorded by placing electrodes or caps embedded with electrodes on the scalp, ears can also be an attractive mounting location to monitor EEG for BCI due to their electrical isolation from other parts of the scalp. , Figure d exhibits soft, foldable EEG electrodes that were mounted on the auricle and mastoid .…”