Noncompetitive Effects of Johnsongrass (<i>Sorghum halepense</i>) on Soybeans (<i>Glycine max</i>)

Lolas, P. C.; Coble, Harold D.

doi:10.1017/s0043174500041242

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Many researchers have investigated the phytotoxic effects of substances released by leaching, root exudation, and residue decomposition of one type of plant on germination and seedling growth of associated plants (Rice, 1968;Rovira, 1969;Whittaker and Feeny, 1971 (Moje, 1966;Adbul-Wahab and Rice, 1967;Chou and Young, 1975;Bokhari, 1978;Larson and Schwarz, 1980;Lolas and Coble, 1982).…”

Section: Heterotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathy in Forage Crop Systems

Miller

1996

Agronomy Journal

145

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• Forage density has a linear relation to pasture height. • The regression of forage density to pasture height is a measure of plant morphology within the sward. • Forage mass is the product of forage density and pasture height resulting in a second-order relation with zero intercept. • The form of the second-order relation of forage mass to pasture height can be diminishing return, linear, or exponential, depending on the distribution of forage density within the pasture. P late meters are used to estimate pasture forage mass (FM; lb dry matter/acre) by measuring meter-compressed forage height (CHt; inches) and multiplying that value by a forage density (FD; lb dry matter/acre/inch) coefficient. Since FD has a linear relation to CHt (Eq. 1) and FM equals FD times CHt (Eq. 2 and 3) the FM calibration model is second order with no intercept (Eq. 4). FD = a + b CHt [1] FM = FD CHt [2] FM = (a + b CHt) CHt [3] FM = a CHt + b CHt 2 [4] To test this hypothesis, 20 rotationally stocked pastures at five sites in the Alleghany Plateau (three) and Appalachian Ridge and Valley (two) of West Virginia were used to calibrate a plate meter. Sites differed in species composition: Grant, tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus; previously known as Festuca arundinacea); Terra Alta, orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) and white clover (Trifolium repens); WVU1 and WVU2, orchardgrass, tall fescue, Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), timothy (Phleum pratense), and white clover; Pendleton, smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis). Pastures were sampled over 3 years pre-grazing (93), post-grazing (96), and in mid-regrowth (11) for a total of 200 sampling events across the grazing season (2 May-2 December). Pastures were walked in a zigzag manner with paired CHt and FM samples taken at regular intervals, ensuring that 15 samples were taken uniformly across the pasture. A falling plate meter (Rayburn and Rayburn, 1998) was used to measure CHt. This meter is an 18-inch square, 0.22-inch thick piece of acrylic plastic , weighing 2 lb 15 oz. Pasture CHt was measured by placing the plate on the pasture and reading its height above the ground once the canopy supported its weight. Within the area measured for CHt, a 1-sq ft area was clipped at ground level. Clipped samples were oven dried at 131°F for 48 h, weighed and FM calculated. The 15 CHt and FM samples were used to calculate FD present on the day of sampling by linear regression with zero intercept

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Section: Heterotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathy in Forage Crop Systems

Miller

1996

Agronomy Journal

145

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“…Early maturity is crucial for obtaining a profitable crop in marginal areas of cotton cultivation such as northern Greece (Kalburtji and Gagianas, 1997). Löve), ladino clover (Trifolium repens L.), sericea lespedeza and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) were found to produce substances from living plants or release substances from residues that are toxic to the growth of other species (Chou and Young, 1975;Kochhar, Blum, and Reinert, 1980;Larson and Schwarz, 1980;Lolas and Coble, 1982;Luu, Matches, and Peters, 1982;Mosjidis, 1992, 1993a,b;Ellis and McSay, 1984). In many pastures, the growth of newly planted grass is very high but productivity generally decreases with time (Chou and Young, 1975;Chou, 1989;Miller, 1992Miller, , 1996.…”

Section: Scientific Name Allelochemicals Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of Allelopathy in Crop Rotation

Mamolos

Kalburtji

2001

Journal of Crop Production

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Rotation systems and allelopathic interactions between plants-plants, plants-insects, plants-microorganisms would be important to exploit allelopathy in optimising the production of rotation systems. The objective of this study is to provide evidences for the importance of allelopathy in crop rotation for weed, insect and disease management with minimal application of external inputs. The relationships between allelochemicals and environmental factors are a key for the growth of plants under rotation. Examples from field crops, forage crops, horticultural species, weeds, and microbes provide evidences for the role allelopathy plays in crop rotation systems. In conclusion, the selection of certain plant sequences under standard environmental conditions may lead to suppression of weeds, insects and diseases and avoid yield decline.

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“…Johnsongrass ( Sorghum halepense ), a perennial invasive weed of Mediterranean origin, is a globally distributed noxious grass and among the 16 noxious invasive species in China. This weed has interfered in native plants not only through competition in, but also through, allelopathy (Abdul‐Wahab & Rice ; Lolas & Coble ; Nicollier et al . ; Liu et al .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shift of allelochemicals from Sorghum halepense in the soil and their effects on the soil's bacterial community

Huang

Wang

Vivanco

et al. 2017

Weed Biology and Management

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Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense [L.]Pers.), an exotic invasive weed in China, secretes the phenolic compounds, p‐hydroxybenzoic acid (p‐HBA) and p‐hydroxybenzaldehyde (p‐HBAL), as the dominant allelochemicals in the root exudates. To better understand how these two allelochemicals affect the soil microbial community in the rhizosphere of S. halepense, the fate of these compounds in the invaded soil and the effect of these phytotoxins on the soil bacterial community were evaluated. The concentrations of the allelochemicals in the soil were determined by a high‐performance liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet/photodiode array after 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 h of treatment. MiSeq sequencing was undertaken to understand how the bacterial populations in the soil were affected by the allelochemicals. The HPLC results indicated that p‐HBA was degraded by the microorganisms that were present in the soil after 1 h and disappeared after 6 h of incubation. The compound, p‐HBAL, initially was converted to p‐HBA and then the p‐HBA broke down, disappearing after 12 h of incubation in non‐sterile soil. Both p‐HBA and p‐HBAL were stable under sterile soil conditions for up to 24 h. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly inhibited. However, those of Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Verrucomicrobia and Cyanobacteria were increased by the p‐HBAL treatment. These findings suggest that allelochemicals from S. halepense might affect the bacterial community composition in the soil.

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Noncompetitive Effects of Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) on Soybeans (Glycine max)

Cited by 23 publications

References 21 publications

Allelopathy in Forage Crop Systems

Allelopathy in Forage Crop Systems

Significance of Allelopathy in Crop Rotation

Shift of allelochemicals from Sorghum halepense in the soil and their effects on the soil's bacterial community

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