Noncoding RNAs and Its Implication as Biomarkers in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Analysis

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most devastating disease with higher mortality rates. It comprises several subtypes exhibiting distinct histological features and clinical staging. Despite recent advancement in understanding the biology of RCC success in treatment rates remains dismal. This may be partly due to lack of specific biomarkers for early detection/prognosis and poor clinical outcome. Noncoding protein transcripts in the genome play important role in the initiation, evolution and progression of cancer. With the advancement in genomic analysis techniques, especially next-generation sequencing, a large number of new transcripts have been discovered, leading to better understanding of coding and noncoding RNAs. In the present review, we summarize recent advancement on renal cancer associated noncoding RNAs which includes long noncoding RNAs, microRNAs, and circular RNAs for their involvement in RCC along with their clinical implication as prognostic and diagnosis biomarkers.

Circular RNA hsa_circ_001895 serves as a sponge of microRNA‐296‐5p to promote clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression by regulating SOX12

“…Recent study has indicated dysregulation of circRNAs in ccRCC and the association of circRNAs with malignant behavior in ccRCC . Hsa_circ_0001451 was downregulated in ccRCC tissues and correlated with the clinicopathological features and OS of ccRCC patients .…”

“…Circ‐ABCB10 overexpression or hsa_circ_0001451 knockdown promoted ccRCC proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in vitro, revealing the relationship between potential markers and therapeutic targets of circRNAs in ccRCC. Additionally, increasing evidence has shown the functional roles of circRNAs as promoters or inhibitors of cancer‐critical genes of ccRCC, thus involved in the regulation of tumor progression . circATP2B1 promoted ccRCC invasion through miR‐204‐3p‐mediated fibronectin 1 expression .…”

“…CircPCNXL2 promoted cell progression of ccRCC by sponging miR‐153 Zinc finger E‐box‐binding homeobox 2 . Therefore, circRNAs, considered potential prognosis biomarkers of ccRCC, may not only contribute to early diagnosis, but also improve the individualized treatment of ccRCC patients …”