Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with decreased lung function

Lee, Chang Hoon; Choi, Seung Ho; Chung, Gyung Ho; Park, Boram; Kwak, Min Sun

doi:10.1111/liv.13860

Cited by 27 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…[2] Patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), [3] formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, are often obese and have additional metabolic risk factors which may translate to a greater risk from respiratory diseases. [4][5][6][7] It is currently not known whether MALFD patients are also more likely to have greater COVID-19 severity of illness. This study investigated the association between MAFLD and COVID-19 severity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Letter to the Editor: Obesity as a risk factor for greater severity of COVID-19 in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease

et al. 2020

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confidence: 99%

Letter to the Editor: Obesity as a risk factor for greater severity of COVID-19 in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease

et al. 2020

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“…The motivating example for this research is a NAFLD study including observational longitudinal data meant to examine the association between NAFLD and lung function in the general Korean population (Lee et al, 2018). The main question of interest in this study was: is there any difference in subjects' lung function and body mass index (BMI) between the NAFLD and non-NAFLD groups?…”

Section: Motivating Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the total 20 112 subjects who underwent routine health screening examinations including hepatic ultrasonography and pulmonary function tests, 11 892 were randomly selected as being in the NAFLD and non-NAFLD groups, with the propensity score matched to the non-NAFLD group (1:1 ratio). NAFLD was defined as the presence of fatty liver, as determined by ultrasonography, with none of the following other possible causes of chronic liver disease: (a) significant alcohol consumption, (b) positivity for hepatitis B surface antigen or antibodies against the hepatitis C virus, and (c) other known etiologies of chronic liver disease (Lee et al, 2018). In order to measure chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were measured at each visit.…”

Section: Motivating Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of covariance matrix of multivariate longitudinal data using modified Choleksky and hypersphere decompositions

et al. 2019

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Linear models are typically used to analyze multivariate longitudinal data. With these models, estimating the covariance matrix is not easy because the covariance matrix should account for complex correlated structures: the correlation between responses at each time point, the correlation within separate responses over time, and the cross‐correlation between different responses at different times. In addition, the estimated covariance matrix should satisfy the positive definiteness condition, and it may be heteroscedastic. However, in practice, the structure of the covariance matrix is assumed to be homoscedastic and highly parsimonious, such as exchangeable or autoregressive with order one. These assumptions are too strong and result in inefficient estimates of the effects of covariates. Several studies have been conducted to solve these restrictions using modified Cholesky decomposition (MCD) and linear covariance models. However, modeling the correlation between responses at each time point is not easy because there is no natural ordering of the responses. In this paper, we use MCD and hypersphere decomposition to model the complex correlation structures for multivariate longitudinal data. We observe that the estimated covariance matrix using the decompositions is positive‐definite and can be heteroscedastic and that it is also interpretable. The proposed methods are illustrated using data from a nonalcoholic fatty liver disease study.

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“…Moreover, several studies reported a significant association between NAFLD and decreased lung function in the general population. [3][4][5][6][7] However, detailed underlying mechanisms still remain unresolved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Hepatic Fibrosis Assessed Using Fibrosis-4 Index Is Predictive of All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease</p>

Yong

Leem

Kim

et al. 2020

COPD

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Background: Various comorbidities influence the prognosis of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We investigated if liver fibrosis assessed using fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) is associated with all-cause mortality in patients with COPD. Methods: We included 756 patients diagnosed with COPD between 2006 and 2010. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed until 2018. FIB-4 was calculated using the following equation: [age (years) × aspartate aminotransferase (IU/L)/(platelet count (10 9 /L) × √alanine aminotransferase (IU/L))]. Results: From a total of 756 patients, 582 (76.9%) patients were categorized into survivor and 174 (23.1%) into non-survivor groups. The non-survivor group was significantly older with a higher proportion of male, smoker and lower FEV 1 /FVC ratio than the survivor group (all P<0.05). Various comorbidities were more frequently observed in the non-survivor group (P<0.05). In addition, the non-survivor group had significantly higher FIB-4 than the survivor group (1.8 vs 1.4, P<0.001). In multivariate analysis, older age (hazard ratio [HR] =1.05), underlying malignancy (HR=2.94), coronary artery occlusive disease (HR=1.58), higher FIB-4 (HR=1.15), and higher GOLD stage (HR=1.26) were significantly associated with the increased risk of all-cause mortality (P<0.05), whereas body mass index (HR=0.95) was independently protective for all-cause mortality (all P<0.05). The high FIB-4 (>1.57) group showed a significantly lower cumulative survival rate than the low FIB-4 (≤1.05) group (P=0.031, Log-rank test). In multivariate regression analysis, higher FIB-4 independently predicted the risk of acute exacerbation (odds ratio=1.08, P=0.034). Conclusion: Higher fibrotic burden assessed using FIB-4 was independently predictive of the increased risk of all-cause mortality and acute exacerbation in patients with COPD.

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with decreased lung function

Abstract: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was associated with decreased lung function at baseline but was not associated with accelerated lung function decline in the propensity score-matched cohort. However, hepatic fibrosis was significantly associated with rapid forced vital capacity decline.

Cited by 27 publications

References 48 publications

Letter to the Editor: Obesity as a risk factor for greater severity of COVID-19 in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease

Letter to the Editor: Obesity as a risk factor for greater severity of COVID-19 in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease

Estimation of covariance matrix of multivariate longitudinal data using modified Choleksky and hypersphere decompositions

<p>Hepatic Fibrosis Assessed Using Fibrosis-4 Index Is Predictive of All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease</p>

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