Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Increases Risk for Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptoms

Catanzaro, R; Calabrese, Federica; Occhipinti, Sergio; Anzalone, M.G.; Milazzo, Michele; Marotta, Francesco

doi:10.1007/s10620-014-3113-7

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Recent studies have suggested that GERD could also be a risk factor for NAFLD although the results were inconsistent. [ 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ] To summarize all available data, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies, which compared the risk of NAFLD among patients with GERD versus those without GERD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A meta-analysis

Wijarnpreecha¹,

Panjawatanan²,

Jaruvongvanich³

et al. 2017

Saudi J Gastroenterol

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Background/Aim:The relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been demonstrated in recent epidemiologic studies although the results were inconsistent. This meta-analysis was conducted to summarize all available data and to estimate the risk of NAFLD among patients with GERD.Materials and Methods:Comprehensive literature review was conducted using MEDLINE and EMBASE database from inception through November 2016, to identify studies that compared the risk of NAFLD among patients with GERD versus those without GERD. Effect estimates from each study were extracted and combined using the random-effect, generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird.Results:Eight studies (four cross-sectional studies and four case–control studies) with 31,322 participants met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The risk of NAFLD among patients with GERD was significantly higher than those without GERD with the pooled odds ratio of 2.07 (95% confidence interval, 1.54–2.79). The statistical heterogeneity was high with an I2 of 87%.Conclusions:A significantly increased risk of NAFLD among patients with GERD was observed in this meta-analysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A meta-analysis

Wijarnpreecha¹,

Panjawatanan²,

Jaruvongvanich³

et al. 2017

Saudi J Gastroenterol

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“…Several observational studies have yielded controversial findings. 10 Conversely, a cohort study which included 34 063 subjects in South Korea and adjusted for BMI and other metabolic factors found that NAFLD was not independently associated with the risk of reflux oesophagitis (HR 1.01, 95% CI: 0.94-1.09; P = .79), but instead reflux oesophagitis is mainly the consequence of increased BMI commonly associated with NAFLD. 7 Again, a cross-sectional study in Taiwan involving a total of 12 090 individuals and adjusting for multiple risk factors revealed a 1.23-fold increased risk of erosive oesophagitis in patients with NAFLD compared with subjects without NAFLD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…11 Similarly, Catanzaro et al found that NAFLD was linked to an increased prevalence of GERD symptoms in a cross-sectional study totalling 206 subjects and adjusting for multiple potential confounding factors (adjusted OR = 3.49, 95% CI: 2.24-5.44). 10 Conversely, a cohort study which included 34 063 subjects in South Korea and adjusted for BMI and other metabolic factors found that NAFLD was not independently associated with the risk of reflux oesophagitis (HR 1.01, 95% CI: 0.94-1.09; P = .79), but instead reflux oesophagitis is mainly the consequence of increased BMI commonly associated with NAFLD. 14 However, Min et al found a positive association between NAFLD and reflux oesophagitis in a cohort study involving a total of 117 377 Korean adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…2 Increasing evidence suggests that NAFLD is not only associated with liver-related morbidity or mortality but can also increase the risk of extra-hepatic complications, such as chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] However, the results from such studies have been conflicting so far. Recently, the link of NAFLD with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has attracted considerable scientific interests.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several cross-sectional and cohort studies have investigated the association between NAFLD and the risk of GERD. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] However, the results from such studies have been conflicting so far. Some studies demonstrated a higher prevalence of GERD among patients with NAFLD compared with the general population, while other studies failed to find any significant association between NAFLD and the risk of GERD.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease increases the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Xue

Hua

Ren

et al. 2019

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Background Increasing evidence indicates that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is linked to an increased risk of extra‐hepatic conditions. However, it is currently uncertain whether NAFLD is associated with the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of relevant studies to examine the association between NAFLD and the risk of GERD. Methods We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase and Web of Science from 1 January 1975 to 15 December 2018, using predefined terms to identify cross‐sectional, case‐control and cohort studies investigating the association between NAFLD and GERD. Results Nine observational studies involving 185 118 subjects were eligible for inclusion in the meta‐analysis. Overall, NAFLD was significantly associated with an increased risk of GERD (random effect OR 1.28; 95% CI: 1.12‐1.44, I2 = 82%). Moreover, the significant association between NAFLD and GERD was consistent both for studies with adjusted OR/HR (n = 6, random effect OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.03‐1.30) and those with unadjusted OR/HR (n = 3, random effect OR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.62‐2.56) as measures of effect. Both funnel plot and Egger's test suggested the existence of publication bias. However, a sensitivity analysis by sequentially omitting each study did not alter the pooled outcome,suggesting the robustness of the association. Conclusion NAFLD is associated with an increased risk of GERD. However, future large and cohort studies are still needed to determine the causal relationship between NAFLD and the risk of GERD.

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Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is Associated with Increased Risk of Reflux Esophagitis

et al. 2017

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Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Increases Risk for Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptoms

Cited by 20 publications

References 58 publications

Association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A meta-analysis

Association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A meta-analysis

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease increases the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is Associated with Increased Risk of Reflux Esophagitis

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