“…Illingworth et al reported the synthesis of activated carbon from fibrous waste biomass (flax) for SO 2 adsorption in a continuous-flow reactor (Fig. 10 a) (Illingworth et al 2019 ). The surface area increased with the carbonization temperature, which was found to be 126 and 1177 m 2 /g at 450 and 800 °C, respectively.…”
Section: Adsorption Of Pollutants In Air Phasementioning
confidence: 99%
“… Fig. 10 a Valorization of fibrous waste biomass (flax) into adsorptive membrane for SO 2 fixation; reproduced from Illingworth et al ( 2019 ). b Valorization of different biomass wastes into biochar for the adsorption and transformation of SO 2 , reproduced with permission from Xu et al ( 2016 ) …”
Section: Adsorption Of Pollutants In Air Phasementioning
An exponential rise in global pollution and industrialization has led to significant economic and environmental problems due to the insufficient application of green technology for the chemical industry and energy production. Nowadays, the scientific and environmental/industrial communities push to apply new sustainable ways and/or materials for energy/environmental applications through the so-called circular (bio)economy. One of today’s hottest topics is primarily valorizing available lignocellulosic biomass wastes into valuable materials for energy or environmentally related applications. This review aims to discuss, from both the chemistry and mechanistic points of view, the recent finding reported on the valorization of biomass wastes into valuable carbon materials. The sorption mechanisms using carbon materials prepared from biomass wastes by emphasizing the relationship between the synthesis route or/and surface modification and the retention performance were discussed towards the removal of organic and heavy metal pollutants from water or air (NOx, CO2, VOCs, SO2, and Hg0). Photocatalytic nanoparticle–coated biomass-based carbon materials have proved to be successful composites for water remediation. The review discusses and simplifies the most raised interfacial, photonic, and physical mechanisms that might take place on the surface of these composites under light irradiation. Finally, the review examines the economic benefits and circular bioeconomy and the challenges of transferring this technology to more comprehensive applications.
“…Illingworth et al reported the synthesis of activated carbon from fibrous waste biomass (flax) for SO 2 adsorption in a continuous-flow reactor (Fig. 10 a) (Illingworth et al 2019 ). The surface area increased with the carbonization temperature, which was found to be 126 and 1177 m 2 /g at 450 and 800 °C, respectively.…”
Section: Adsorption Of Pollutants In Air Phasementioning
confidence: 99%
“… Fig. 10 a Valorization of fibrous waste biomass (flax) into adsorptive membrane for SO 2 fixation; reproduced from Illingworth et al ( 2019 ). b Valorization of different biomass wastes into biochar for the adsorption and transformation of SO 2 , reproduced with permission from Xu et al ( 2016 ) …”
Section: Adsorption Of Pollutants In Air Phasementioning
An exponential rise in global pollution and industrialization has led to significant economic and environmental problems due to the insufficient application of green technology for the chemical industry and energy production. Nowadays, the scientific and environmental/industrial communities push to apply new sustainable ways and/or materials for energy/environmental applications through the so-called circular (bio)economy. One of today’s hottest topics is primarily valorizing available lignocellulosic biomass wastes into valuable materials for energy or environmentally related applications. This review aims to discuss, from both the chemistry and mechanistic points of view, the recent finding reported on the valorization of biomass wastes into valuable carbon materials. The sorption mechanisms using carbon materials prepared from biomass wastes by emphasizing the relationship between the synthesis route or/and surface modification and the retention performance were discussed towards the removal of organic and heavy metal pollutants from water or air (NOx, CO2, VOCs, SO2, and Hg0). Photocatalytic nanoparticle–coated biomass-based carbon materials have proved to be successful composites for water remediation. The review discusses and simplifies the most raised interfacial, photonic, and physical mechanisms that might take place on the surface of these composites under light irradiation. Finally, the review examines the economic benefits and circular bioeconomy and the challenges of transferring this technology to more comprehensive applications.
“…AC becomes the most preferred form of carbonaceous materials due to its excellent features of having substantially large surface area that usually relates to adsorption ability, porosity, favorable thermal stability, and mechanical strength as well as possessing abundant of useful functional groups for various applications (Illingworth et al 2019). However, the commercially available AC is largely produced from non-renewable raw materials namely petroleum coke, lignite and coal which are limited in resources and costly precursors (Jawad & Abdulhameed 2020).…”
In this work, sugarcane bagasse waste (SBW) was used as a lignocellulosic precursor to develop a high surface area activated carbon (AC) by thermal treatment of the SBW impregnated with KOH. This sugarcane bagasse waste activated carbon (SBWAC) was characterized by means of crystallinity, porosity, surface morphology and functional groups availability. The SBWAC exhibited Type I isotherm which corresponds to microporosity with high specific surface area of 709.3 m2/g and 6.6 nm of mean pore diameter. Further application of SBWAC as an adsorbent for methylene blue (MB) dye removal demonstrated that the adsorption process closely followed the pseudo-second order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm models. On the other hand, thermodynamic study revealed the endothermic nature and spontaneity of MB dye adsorption on SBWAC with high acquired adsorption capacity (136.5 mg/g). The MB dye adsorption onto SBWAC possibly involved electrostatic interaction, H-bonding and π-π interaction. This work demonstrates SBW as a potential lignocellulosic precursor to produce high surface area AC that can potentially remove more cationic dyes from the aqueous environment.
“…Ca-based sorbents are the well-known and commonly used sorbents for SO 2 removal from combustion gases because of their wide availability, low price, and high efficiency. − Guan carried out combustion experiments of coal with three kinds of calcium-based sulfur fixing agents (CaO, Ca(OH) 2 , and CaCO 3 ) and found that Ca(OH) 2 had a better effect on sulfur fixation and CaCO 3 promoted the release of SO 2 at low temperatures. The CaCO 3 /CaO solid sorbent particle size had a significant effect on SO 2 capture, and mixed solid sorbent had higher capture efficiency than the conventional pure solid sorbent .…”
A large amount of sulfur dioxide
(SO2) will be released
during rural household coal combustion, causing serious environmental
pollution. Therefore, it is very urgent to develop a clean and efficient
fuel to substitute rural household coal controlling SO2 emission. In this paper, a new strategy toward scattered coal combustion
with remarkably reducing SO2 emission was proposed. Coal
and compound additive of Al2O3 and CaCO3 were blended and then copyrolysis at 1050 °C was performed
to produce clean coke. First, the sulfur content of clean coke was
reduced, meanwhile, generating sulfur fixation precursor during pyrolysis.
Then, clean coke is used for efficient sulfur fixation during the
subsequent combustion process to reduce SO2 emissions.
The effects of combustion temperature, Al/S molar ratio, and the mechanism
of sulfur retention during clean coke combustion were studied in the
tube furnace and muffle furnace. The mechanism can be attributed the
following reason: (a) CaS produced during pyrolysis and CaO decomposed
by complex additives were oxidized during combustion, and CaO captured
the SO2 released from clean coke combustion, which formed
CaSO4. (b) CaSO4 reacts with Al2O3 to produce calcium sulfoaluminate at high temperatures, which
improves the sulfur fixation efficiency of clean coke combustion at
high temperatures. In a word, this new strategy can greatly reduce
the emission of SO2, thus helping to solve rural household
coal pollution problems.
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