Non-visible versus visible haematuria and bladder cancer risk: a study of electronic records in primary care

Price, Sarah; Shephard, Elizabeth A; Stapley, Sally; Barraclough, Kevin; Hamilton, William

doi:10.3399/bjgp14x681409

Cited by 49 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…11 The PPVs increased with age in this population, although can still be considered low at 0.8% in patients aged 40-59 years and 1.6% in patients aged 60 years or above. 11 …”

Section: Non-visible Haematuriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result of this decision, only one of the studies provided evidence on non-visible haematuria and this was restricted to reporting on bladder cancer. 11 However, meta-analysis of visible haematuria PPVs was feasible.…”

Section: Haematuriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Overall, the meta-analysis included data from five studies with a total of 70 330 patients, 3,4,[6][7][8] and showed that the PPV of visible haematuria for bladder or renal cancer was 5.1% (95% CI 3.2-8%). Such an overall estimate, derived from studies with age inclusion criteria spanning 15-100 years, is of limited use without at least subgroup analyses examining the effect of known risk factors, such as age and gender.…”

Section: Visible Haematuriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 In general, the PPVs for visible haematuria increased with age in both cancers [11][12][13] and tended to be higher in males than in females. 4,8 In males, this started at 1% below 45 years of age, increasing to 4.4% (45-54 years), 8.5% (55-64 years), 11.2% (65-74 years), 10.3% (75-84 years) and 9.2% (85 years or above).…”

Section: Trends In Urology and Men's Health March/april 2016mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies were conducted in the UK, 4,7,8,[11][12][13] the Netherlands, 9,10 Belgium 3 and the USA. 5,6 Follow-up was employed as a reference standard in all of the studies.…”

Section: The Evidence Basementioning

confidence: 99%

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The NICE primary care referral guideline for suspected bladder or renal cancer

Schmidt‐Hansen¹,

Hamilton

2016

Trends Urology & Men Health

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“…11 The PPVs increased with age in this population, although can still be considered low at 0.8% in patients aged 40-59 years and 1.6% in patients aged 60 years or above. 11 …”

Section: Non-visible Haematuriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Haematuriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Visible Haematuriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trends In Urology and Men's Health March/april 2016mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies were conducted in the UK, 4,7,8,[11][12][13] the Netherlands, 9,10 Belgium 3 and the USA. 5,6 Follow-up was employed as a reference standard in all of the studies.…”

Section: The Evidence Basementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The NICE primary care referral guideline for suspected bladder or renal cancer

Schmidt‐Hansen¹,

Hamilton

2016

Trends Urology & Men Health

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The role of URO17™ biomarker to enhance diagnosis of urothelial cancer in new hematuria patients—First European Data

et al. 2020

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Introduction and objectives Novel biomarker research is vital for the progression of safe and thorough diagnostic medicine. There is now a need to improve the diagnosis of bladder cancer via a noninvasive urine test while balancing the risks of harm from investigational procedures, such as cystoscopy and radiological tests, against the likelihood of malignancy. We evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity of Uro17™ urinary biomarker for the detection of urothelial cancer in hematuria patients in a prospective blinded validation study. Uro17™ is an immunobiomarker which binds to the oncoprotein Keratin 17, which is involved in the replication cycle of malignant cells. This study compared cystoscopic and histological investigations against Uro17™ results in patients being investigated for symptoms of urothelial cancer. Materials and methods After receiving both local and national ethics/protocol approval, 71 patients were consented and recruited into the study. All patients were scheduled to undergo cystoscopic investigation, and following recruitment, a urine sample was collected. Urine samples were anonymized and processed as per standard cytology protocols and stained using Uro17™ immunobiomarker. The pathologists assessing the results were blinded to the patient and background history, and the results were compared to the biopsy histology. Results The full cohort of enrolled patients consisted of 71 participants included. There were 55 males and 16 females, with an average age of 70. Thirteen were current smokers, 42 ex‐smokers, and 16 nonsmokers. The malignancies detected included both muscle‐invasive (n = 6) and non‐muscle‐invasive tumors (n = 38), and tumors of all grades and carcinoma in situ. Uro17™ was shown to have an overall sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 92.6%, with a positive predictive value of 0.957 and negative predictive value of 1. Uro17™ investigation was positive in every case of urothelial malignancy. Conclusions Our current data indicates Uro17™ is a highly sensitive noninvasive bladder cancer urine detection test that can improve the diagnosis of Bladder cancer. This can further improve diagnostic capabilities in primary care, reduce the number of referrals to Urology department, and reduce the number of unnecessary invasive procedures for new patients with a suspected urinary bladder cancer.

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Clinical features and predictive biomarkers for bladder cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes presenting with haematuria

Tonry

Evans

Ruddock

et al. 2022

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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Aims: To identify clinical features and protein biomarkers associated with bladder cancer (BC) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus presenting with haematuria. Materials and Methods:Data collected from the Haematuria Biomarker (HaBio) study was used in this analysis. A matched sub-cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes and patients without diabetes was created based on age, sex, and BC diagnosis, using approximately a 1:2 fixed ratio. Randox Biochip Array Technology and ELISA were applied for measurement of 66 candidate serum and urine protein biomarkers. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated by chisquared and Wilcoxon rank sum test for clinical features and candidate protein biomarkers. Diagnostic protein biomarker models were identified using Lasso-based binominal regression analysis.Results: There was no difference in BC grade, stage, and severity between individuals with type 2 diabetes and matched controls. Incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) was significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes (p = 0.008), and CKD was significantly associated with BC in patients with type 2 diabetes (p = 0.032). A biomarker model, incorporating two serum (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor) and three urine (interleukin 6, cytokeratin 18, and cytokeratin 8) proteins, predicted incidence of BC with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.84 in individuals with type 2 diabetes. In people without diabetes, the AUC was 0.66. Conclusions:We demonstrate the potential clinical utility of a biomarker panel, which includes proteins related to BC pathogenesis and type 2 diabetes, forThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Non-visible versus visible haematuria and bladder cancer risk: a study of electronic records in primary care

Cited by 49 publications

References 18 publications

The NICE primary care referral guideline for suspected bladder or renal cancer

The NICE primary care referral guideline for suspected bladder or renal cancer

The role of URO17™ biomarker to enhance diagnosis of urothelial cancer in new hematuria patients—First European Data

Clinical features and predictive biomarkers for bladder cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes presenting with haematuria

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