Non-typical degraded and regraded humus forms in metal-contaminated areas, or there and back again

Korkina, I. N.; Воробейчик, Е. Л.

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115390

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Soil cover is formed mainly by soddy-podzolic soils (Albic Retisols, Stagnic Retisols and Leptic Retisols), burozems (Haplic Cambisols) and grey forest soils (Retic Phaeozems). Zoogenically-active humus form (Dysmull) prevails ( Korkina and Vorobeichik 2018 , Korkina and Vorobeichik 2021 ).…”

Section: Project Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Near the MUCS, ground-layer vegetation consists of several pollution-tolerant species ( Equisetum sylvaticum , Deschampsia caespitosa , Tussilago farfara , Agrostis capillaris ) and a moss layer has been formed by only one species ( Pohlia nutans ). Apart from the metal accumulation and increased acidity, soil transformation manifests itself in the enhancement of the eluvial-gleying process, degradation of soil aggregates, decrease in exchangeable potassium and magnesium, increase in forest litter thickness and shifts from zoogenically-active Mull humus forms to Eumor humus forms without any signs of soil macrofauna activity ( Kaigorodova and Vorobeichik 1996 , Korkina and Vorobeichik 2016 , Vorobeichik and Pishchulin 2016 , Vorobeichik and Kaigorodova 2017 , Korkina and Vorobeichik 2018 , Korkina and Vorobeichik 2021 ).…”

Section: Project Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About ten years ago, emissions from the smelter almost ceased, which initiated the natural recovery of adjoining ecosystems. Recent publications were related to the dynamics of metal concentrations in the environment ( Vorobeichik and Kaigorodova 2017 , Mukhacheva 2017 , Belskaya 2018 , Nesterkov 2019 ) and to the natural recovery of humus forms ( Korkina and Vorobeichik 2021 ), vegetation ( Vorobeichik et al 2014 , Trubina 2020 ), leaf-eating insects ( Belskaya 2018 ), birds ( Belskii and Lyakhov 2021 ), epiphytic lichens ( Mikhailova 2017 , Mikhailova 2020 ), soil macrofauna ( Vorobeichik et al 2019 , Vorobeichik et al 2020 ), grass-layer gastropods ( Nesterkov and Grebennikov 2020 ), small mammals ( Mukhacheva 2021 , Mukhacheva and Sozontov 2021 ) and the common mole ( Vorobeichik and Nesterkova 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity and abundance of soil macroinvertebrates along a contamination gradient in the Central Urals, Russia

Воробейчик¹,

Nesterkov²,

Ермаков³

et al. 2022

BDJ

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Since the late 1980s, long-term monitoring of terrestrial ecosystems in metal-contaminated areas near the Middle Ural Copper Smelter has been carried out in the Central Urals. As a part of these monitoring programmes, the data on species diversity, community composition and abundance of soil macroinvertebrates continue to be gathered. The dataset (available from the GBIF network at https://www.gbif.org/dataset/61e92984-382b-4158-be6b-e391c7ed5a64) includes a 2004 census for soil macroinvertebrates of spruce-fir forests along a pollution gradient in the Central Urals. The dataset describes soil macrofauna’s abundance (the number of individuals per sample, i.e. the density) and community structure (list of supraspecific taxa, list of species for most abundant taxa and supraspecific taxa or species abundance). Seventeen sampling plots differed in the levels of toxic metal (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and Fe) soil contamination from air emissions of the Middle Ural Copper Smelter (heavily polluted, moderately polluted and unpolluted areas). The dataset consists of 340 sampling events (= samples corresponding to upper and lower layers of the 170 soil monoliths) and 64658 rows (2907 and 61751 for non-zero and zero density of taxa, respectively). Arachnida (Araneae and Opiliones), Carabidae (imagoes), Elateridae (larvae), Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Gastropoda, Staphylinidae (imagoes) and Lumbricidae were identified to species level. In contrast, Mermithida, Enchytraeidae, Lepidoptera larvae, Diptera larvae, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera and some other insects were identified to family or order levels. In total, 8430 individuals of soil macroinvertebrates were collected in two soil layers (organic and organic-mineral horizons), including 1046 Arachnida (spiders and harvestmen), 45 Carabidae, 300 Elateridae, 529 Myriapoda, 741 Gastropoda, 437 Staphylinidae, 623 Lumbricidae and 4709 other invertebrates. The presence-absence data on each taxon are provided for each sampling event. An overwhelming majority of such absences can be interpreted as “pseudo-absences” at the scale of sampling plots or study sites. The dataset contains information helpful for long-term ecotoxicological monitoring of forest ecosystems and contributes to studying soil macrofauna diversity in the Urals.

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Section: Project Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Project Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Diversity and abundance of soil macroinvertebrates along a contamination gradient in the Central Urals, Russia

Воробейчик¹,

Nesterkov²,

Ермаков³

et al. 2022

BDJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Soil cover is formed mainly by soddy-podzolic soils (Albic Retisols, Stagnic Retisols and Leptic Retisols), burozems (Haplic Cambisols) and grey forest soils (Retic Phaeozems) ( Kaigorodova and Vorobeichik 1996 ). Zoogenically-active humus form (Dysmull) prevail ( Korkina and Vorobeichik 2016 , Korkina and Vorobeichik 2018 , Korkina and Vorobeichik 2021 ).…”

Section: Project Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term dynamics of the abundance of earthworms and enchytraeids (Annelida, Clitellata: Lumbricidae, Enchytraeidae) in forests of the Central Urals, Russia

Воробейчик¹,

Nesterkov²,

Голованова³

et al. 2021

BDJ

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Since the late 1980s, long-term monitoring of terrestrial ecosystems in metal-contaminated areas has been carried out in the Central Urals. As a part of these monitoring programmes, the data on soil macroinvertebrates in undisturbed areas as reference sites continues to be gathered. These data help study the local biodiversity and long-term dynamics of soil macroinvertebrate abundance in non-polluted areas. The dataset (available from the GBIF network at https://www.gbif.org/dataset/bf5bc7f6-71a3-4abd-8abc-861ee3cbf84a) includes information from a long-term monitoring programme for two taxa of Annelids, Lumbricidae and Enchytraeidae, which dwell in the topsoil of spruce-fir, birch, pine and floodplain forests in the Central Urals. The dataset includes information on the earthworm community structure (list of species, species abundance, number of egg cocoons, cocoon exuvia, juveniles and adults) and enchytraeid abundance. The dataset consists of 553 sampling events (= samples, corresponding to upper and lower layers of the soil monoliths) and 12739 occurrences (earthworms, mainly identified to species and earthworm cocoons and enchytraeids, identified to family) collected during 1990–1991, 2004, 2014–2016 and 2018–2020. In total, 3305 individuals of earthworms were collected, representing ten (out of twelve) species and all eight genera recorded for the fauna of the Central Urals. In addition, 7292 earthworm egg cocoons and cocoon exuvia and 6926 individuals of enchytraeids were accumulated. The presence-absence data on each of the ten earthworm species, egg cocoons, cocoon exuvia and enchytraeids are provided for each sampling event. All data were collected in undisturbed non-polluted areas and are used as a local reference for ecotoxicological monitoring. The dataset provides valuable information for estimating the composition and abundance of earthworm communities in different habitats over a long time and contributes to the study of soil fauna biodiversity in the Urals.

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“…Another important aspect of this method of using vermicompost is the decrease in the amount of worms as a result of agricultural intensification [ 17 ], and at the same time with vermicelli, the biological mass is processed by earthworms, thanks to which, the amount of CaO, which is beneficial in the autoclaving of silicates, is increased. It should be emphasized that in contaminated areas (e.g., Asia) 21 atypical forms of humus were found that do not fit the European classification, the extinction of earthworms caused by soil toxicity, and consequently led to the transformation of humus profiles [ 18 ]. Development of an algorithm for the amount of lime added to sandy and humus-poor soil (north-eastern Germany) is based on the determination of the optimal soil pH and the soil response to lime, which is described by the basic neutralizing capacity (BNC), showing different concentrations of Ca(OH) 2 ; calcium carbonate is an important chemical compound here, improving the functional properties of silicates [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Organic Compounds on the Special Properties and the Microstructure of Autoclaved Brick

Dachowski

Stępień

2023

IJERPH

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After a long decomposition process, organic matter turns into humic substances. In humus, carbon dioxide (CO2) bound in photosynthesis is brought back to the soil, where it should be used by its ecosystem. This is important because similar relationships are found in modern concretes and concretes designed with the use of geochemical modeling (possibility of the C-S-H phase for storing harmful substances). The aim of the article was to investigate the possibility of using humus (Humus Active-HA) and vermicompost (Biohumus Extra Universal-BEU), i.e., organic matter resulting from a long process of biological decomposition in the production of autoclaved bricks containing only ecological materials, i.e., sand, lime, and water. Tests of compressive strength, density, microstructure based on SEM, XRD, and micro-CT analysis were performed. The results of the research indicate that humus and vermicompost can be successfully used in their production. The paper compares traditional products and products made of raw material mass containing 3%, 7%, and 11% of humus and vermicompost, using the apparatus of mathematical experiment planning. Compressive strength, volumetric density, water absorption, and wicking, porosity, and material microstructure were tested. The best results were obtained for samples with the addition of 7% humus and 3% vermicompost. The compressive strength increased to 42.04 MPa (compared to standard bricks, whose strength is 15–20 MPa), and the bulk density increased by about 55%, to the value of 2.11 kg/dm3, which indicates the densification of the material’s microstructure. They were characterized by the highest compressive strength, moderate water absorption, and a high proportion of closed pores in the sample.

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Non-typical degraded and regraded humus forms in metal-contaminated areas, or there and back again

Cited by 9 publications

References 73 publications

Diversity and abundance of soil macroinvertebrates along a contamination gradient in the Central Urals, Russia

Diversity and abundance of soil macroinvertebrates along a contamination gradient in the Central Urals, Russia

Long-term dynamics of the abundance of earthworms and enchytraeids (Annelida, Clitellata: Lumbricidae, Enchytraeidae) in forests of the Central Urals, Russia

Effect of Organic Compounds on the Special Properties and the Microstructure of Autoclaved Brick

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