2017
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00015
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Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria in South African Wildlife: Neglected Pathogens and Potential Impediments for Bovine Tuberculosis Diagnosis

Abstract: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are not only emerging and opportunistic pathogens of both humans and animals, but from a veterinary point of view some species induce cross-reactive immune responses that hamper the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in both livestock and wildlife. Little information is available about NTM species circulating in wildlife species of South Africa. In this study, we determined the diversity of NTM isolated from wildlife species from South Africa as well as Botswana. Thirty k… Show more

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Cited by 45 publications
(58 citation statements)
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References 53 publications
(90 reference statements)
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“…Banded mongoose in South Africa were recently found to be hosts of M. bovis (BrĂŒns et al., ), and nearly all of the other wildlife species reportedly seen on the facilities are known natural hosts of M. bovis or other tuberculous mycobacteria (Mukundan, Chambers, Waters, & Larsen, ). A variety of non‐tuberculous mycobacteria have been cultured from tissues of South African wildlife species, including elephants (Botha, Gey van Pittius, & van Helden, ), and non‐tuberculous mycobacteria can induce cross‐reaction to MTBC antigens (Gcebe & Hlokwe, ). Relatively little is known about movement of mycobacteria among humans, wildlife and domestic species, especially in southern Africa.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Banded mongoose in South Africa were recently found to be hosts of M. bovis (BrĂŒns et al., ), and nearly all of the other wildlife species reportedly seen on the facilities are known natural hosts of M. bovis or other tuberculous mycobacteria (Mukundan, Chambers, Waters, & Larsen, ). A variety of non‐tuberculous mycobacteria have been cultured from tissues of South African wildlife species, including elephants (Botha, Gey van Pittius, & van Helden, ), and non‐tuberculous mycobacteria can induce cross‐reaction to MTBC antigens (Gcebe & Hlokwe, ). Relatively little is known about movement of mycobacteria among humans, wildlife and domestic species, especially in southern Africa.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The clinical pictures differ in that is prevalently disseminated, or both pulmonary and disseminated, in HIV-infected patients, whereas it is mainly pulmonary in other patients (van Ingen et al, 2011). The first isolations of this mycobacterium in wild animals were recorded in Africa by Botha, Gey van Pittius, and Helden (2013) and again in Africa in 2017, there was the first isolation from a sick lion with tuberculous-like lesions (Gcebe & Hiokwe, 2017). Finally, very recently, M. sherrisii has been involved in mass mortality events affecting the bivalve Pen shell Pinna nobilis, recorded in two different regions of Italy, Campania and Sicily, in the Mediterranean Sea (Carella et al, 2019).…”
Section: Nocardiosis and Mycobacteriosis Of Bivalves: "Yet-to-emerge"mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These NTM species are often found in the environment as biofilm formation, free‐living or in association with amoeba (Nishiuchi et al., 2017). However, information on the zoonotic significance of NTM, diagnostic implications in both humans and animals, as well as the impact on the management of human TB in developing countries is scanty (Gcebe & Hlokwe, 2017; Hoza, Mfinanga, Rodloff, Moser, & Konig, 2016). Some of the important NTM species isolated from animals include M. avium intracellulare complex ( M. avium subspecies avium , M. avium paratuberculosis ), M. marinum , M. shimoidei , M. chelonae , M. septicum , M. porcinum , M. lentiflavum , M. fortuitum , M. peregrinum , M. gordonae , M. neoaurum , M. parafortuitum , M. moriokaense and M. confluentis (Batista et al., 2017; Gcebe et al., 2018; Katale et al., 2014; Nuru et al., 2017).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The members of this genus that have been isolated from tissue lesions and milk of camelids include M. tuberculosis , M. bovis , M. pinnipedii , M. caprae , and M. microti , as well as, atypical mycobacteria such as M. Kansasii (Beyi, Gezahegne, Mussa, Ameni, & Ali, 2014; GarcĂ­a‐Bocanegra et al, 2010; Wernery & Kinne, 2012). Until recently, the focus has been on identifying known zoonotic mycobacteria such as M. bovis ; however, not much is known about the epidemiology and implications of the other potentially zoonotic mycobacteria including M. avium intracellulare complex and other NTM (Gcebe & Hlokwe, 2017). This is despite the growing evidence base of the role of NTM as true human pathogens in NTM pulmonary disease, their resistance to first‐ and second‐line anti‐TB drugs and the implications for the management of human TB cases (Cheng et al., 2017; Fedrizzi et al., 2017; Hoza et al., 2016; Kankya et al., 2011; Monde, Munyeme, Muwonge, Muma, & Malama, 2018; Muwonge et al, 2011; Nishiuchi et al., 2017; Wang et al., 2014).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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