Non‐surgical treatment of peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis: a literature review

Abstract

It was observed that mechanical non-surgical therapy could be effective in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis lesions. Furthermore, the adjunctive use of antimicrobial mouth rinses enhanced the outcome of mechanical therapy of such mucositis lesions. In peri-implantitis lesions non-surgical therapy was not found to be effective. Adjunctive chlorhexidine application had only limited effects on clinical and microbiological parameters. However, adjunctive local or systemic antibiotics were shown to reduce bleeding on probing and probing depths. Minor beneficial effects of laser therapy on peri-implantitis have been shown; this approach needs to be further evaluated. There is a need for randomized-controlled studies evaluating treatment models of non-surgical therapy of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.

The effect of standardised implantoplasty protocol on titanium surface roughness: an in-vitro study

“…Treatment outcomes using other non-surgical therapies such as air abrasion, laser and chemotherapeutics have also been either inconclusive or ineffective to halt progression of disease. 14,15 The use of ultrasonic scalers and/or manual carbon fibre curettes, are also inadequate for decontaminating implant surfaces with peri-implant pockets greater than or equal to 5 mm.…”

Prosthodontic complications associated with implant retained crowns and bridgework: a review of the literature

“…11 Peri-implant mucositis usually resolves with improved homecare, antiseptic mouthwash and careful mechanical cleaning. 11,12 A lack of keratinised mucosa may impair oral hygiene procedures and increase the incidence of peri-implant mucositis. 13 …”

Surface Aspects of Titanium Dental Implants

“…Although the causes may differ in both cases, microbial colonization occurs on the surface of the implant (Renvert et al, 2008b;Kotsovilis et al, 2008). If the conditions become pathogenic, bacteria start to proliferate, leading to inflammation around the implant.…”

“…Peri-implant infections involve peri-implant mucositis, defined as a reversible inflammatory change of the peri-implant soft tissues without bone loss, and peri-implantitis, an inflammatory process resulting in loss of supporting bone and associated with bleeding and suppuration (Norowski & Bumgardner, 2009;Renvert et al, 2008b;Zitzmann & Berglundh, 2008).…”