Non-Surgical Therapy and Oral Microbiota Features in Peri-Implant Complications: A Brief Narrative Review

Abstract

The therapeutic discretion in cases of peri-implantitis should take into account the limits and advantages of specific therapeutic itineraries tailored according to each clinical case and each individual patient. This type of oral pathology emphasizes the complex classification and diagnostic issues coupled with the need for targeted treatments, in light of the oral peri-implant microbiota changes. This review highlights the current indications for the non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis, describing the specific therapeutic efficacy of different approaches and discussing the more appropriate application of single non-invasive therapies The non-surgical treatment choice with antiseptics or antibiotics (single or combined, local, or systemic) for short courses should be considered on a case-by-case basis to minimize the incidence of side effects and concomitantly avoid disease progression.

The Effectiveness of the Association of Chlorhexidine with Mechanical Treatment of Peri-Implant Mucositis

“…In all seven studies, a reduction in bleeding on peri-implant probing was found [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 41 ]. These studies reported varying degrees of bleeding at different time points ranging between 9% and 48% at 3–12 weeks after the beginning of the study, subsequently recording values between 9% and 76% 3–6 months after the first visit [ 39 , 42 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 52 ].…”

“…Following the analysis of the titles, abstracts and protocols of each study, only 16 articles [ 3 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ] were selected for detailed evaluation.…”

“…Given the absence of reliable treatments for peri-implantitis, the current focus is on preventing the transition from peri-implant mucositis to peri-implantitis. This involves treating peri-implant mucositis and implementing early treatment procedures and protocols [ 34 ].…”

Mitochondrial ROS participates in Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced pyroptosis in cementoblasts

“…Whether such regulations of mtROS occur in the pathological role of P. gingivalis in cementoblasts deserves to be investigated. Additionally, certain newly developed substances have shown to have a notable impact on the oral ecosystem [ 58 ]. Lysates and postbiotics have the potential to alter clinical and microbiological factors in patients with periodontal disease.…”

Oral microbiota in human health and disease: A perspective

“…There are several studies showing that the systemic use of xylitol reduces the number of S. mutans in saliva and the reduction in the incidence of caries. 70 , 121 , 122 , 123 Sorbitol is not metabolized by most microorganisms in the oral cavity or slowly metabolized (such as the Lactobacillus spp.) relative to the time taken by the glucose components to ferment to acid.…”