Non surgical periodontal treatment in patients with gingivitis and moderate periodontitis. Biochemical and microbiological response

Macín-Cabrera, Susana; Sanz-Alonso, Mariano; Castrillón-Rivera, Laura Estela; Palma-Ramos, Alejandro; Noguez-Méndez, Norma; Quirino-Barreda, Carlos Tomás; Rubio-Martínez, Alejandro

doi:10.1016/j.rodmex.2016.02.020

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The clinical sign of gingivitis healing can be seen through plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing of sulcus depth (PSD), probing of pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL). Histopathologic observations can be seen through macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes and gingival fibroblasts [14].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Papain-Arginine Gel on Gingivitis Treatment Caused by Orthodontic Appliances

Regina

Astridtasya

Ningtyas

et al. 2019

KEM

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Orthodontic appliances can be linked to a lack of proper oral hygiene which is commonly associated with gingivitis incidence. Gingivitis treatment is required to prevent further periodontal diseases such as periodontitis, pocket formation, tooth luxation, and tooth loss. Papain is known for its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant effects, while arginine is known for its capability to inhibit biofilm formation and interfering plaque stability. This study aimed to demonstrate the effect of papain-arginine gel on gingivitis caused by orthodontic appliances. The gel was prepared from CMC-Na as the polymer. The papain and arginine powder was successfully dissolved homogenously into the CMC-Na in aquadest 50 mL at 25°C. Papain-arginine gel showed good stability in room temperature with pH 7. Therefore, the gel is suitable for oral application. Twenty-seven adult Sprague dawleyrats weighing ± 250–300 g were included in this study. A closing loop was placed in the margin gingiva of animal’s upper incisor to generate orthodontic force and develop reproducible gingivitis. After 7 days of orthodontic tooth movement, animals were randomly divided into three groups; the papain-arginine gel group, the chlorhexidine gel group, and the untreated group. Three rats in every group were conducted clinical observation on its gingival index (GI) and periodontal pocket depths (PPD) before and at 1, 3 and 7 days after treatment. The number of newly-formed capillaries, neutrophils and macrophages proliferation were evaluated using haematoxylin-eosin staining. The clinical response such as increasing GI and decreasing PPD on the treatment did not appear significant difference (P> .05); while the histopathological analysis showed neutrophil and macrophage proliferation were significantly higher andreached its peak on day 3 after papain-arginine and chlorhexidine gel application(P < .05).A considerably larger number of newly-formed capillary formed, and the smaller number of neutrophils and macrophages were noticed significantly at 7 days after papain-arginine and chlorhexidine gel treatment (P> .05). In early gingivitis lesion, gingiva may appear clinically healthy. However, previous studies suggested that inflammatory cells decrease indicates the process of gingivitis healing. Treatment with papain-arginine gel compared to the untreated group significantly diminished the process of inflammation. Hence, it can be concluded that papain-arginine gel was efficient in treating gingivitis caused by orthodontic appliances.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Papain-Arginine Gel on Gingivitis Treatment Caused by Orthodontic Appliances

Regina

Astridtasya

Ningtyas

et al. 2019

KEM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The risk of disease progression was classified into slow (grade A), moderate (grade B), and rapid (grade C) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Gingivitis and periodontitis represent two different conditions, showing different phenotypes: Gingivitis, the mildest form of PD, presents itself as a reversible gingival inflammation, it arises due to the presence of bacterial biofilm deposits, and it is characterized by the absence of periodontal attachment apparatus destruction [13,14]. The combination of bacterial infection and persistent inflammatory response can progressively destroy the deeper periodontal tissues, leading to periodontitis, which is represented by the loss of alveolar bone and clinical attachment and by the onset of periodontal pocket [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodynamic Therapy Using 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (Ala) for the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Prospective Case Series

et al. 2022

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Aim: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of supportive periodontal therapy (i.e., scaling and root planning, SRP) alone versus ALADENT medical device used in association with SRP in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in adult patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 patients with a diagnosis of chronic periodontitis (40 localized chronic periodontitis sites) aged between 35 and 55 were selected. None of these patients previously received any surgical or non-surgical periodontal therapy, and they presented radiographic evidence of moderate bone loss. Two non-adjacent sites in different quadrants were identified and observed in each patient, analyzing treatment effectiveness (split-mouth design). Clinical pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, and bleeding on probing were evaluated at time 0 and after 6 months, while microbial analysis (MA) was conducted at baseline and after 15 days. Significant differences were calculated using SPSS program and paired simple statistic t-test. Results: Total bacteria loadings had a statistically significant reduction before and after treatment with SRP (left site) (total average decrease of 27%). The sites treated with SRP plus ALADENT (right) showed a significantly reduced total bacterial loading compared to the untreated sites (right) (total average decrease of 75%). Mean values of CAL/PD and percentages data of BOP, recorded after SRP + ALADENT therapy, showed a higher reduction (CAL = 2.42, PD = 2.87 mm, 90% of sites with no bleeding) than those obtained after SRP treatment (CAL = 4.08 mm, PD = 4.73 mm, 70% of sites with no bleeding). Conclusion: The treatment of moderate and severe chronic periodontitis should include, beside SRP, the use of ALADENT medical device, which has been proved to be a useful adjuvant therapy.

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Microbiological and Salivary Biomarkers Successfully Predict Site-Specific and Whole-Mouth Outcomes of Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment

Al-Sharqi,

Abdulkareem

2024

JCM

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Background/Objectives: Nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) is the gold-standard technique for treating periodontitis. However, an individual’s susceptibility or the inadequate removal of subgingival biofilms could lead to unfavorable responses to NSPT. This study aimed to assess the potential of salivary and microbiological biomarkers in predicting the site-specific and whole-mouth outcomes of NSPT. Methods: A total of 68 periodontitis patients exhibiting 1111 periodontal pockets 4 to 6 mm in depth completed the active phase of periodontal treatment. Clinical periodontal parameters, saliva, and subgingival biofilm samples were collected from each patient at baseline and three months after NSPT. A quantitative PCR assay was used to detect the presence of Fusobaterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis in the biofilm samples. Salivary biomarkers including matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, glutathione S-transferase (GST), and Annexin-1 were assayed both qualitatively (Western blot analysis) and quantitively (ELISA). Results: NSPT yielded significant improvements in all clinical parameters, including a reduction in bacterial load and decreased levels of MMP-9 together with increased concentrations of GST and Annexin-1. The binary logistic regression suggested that the overall accuracy of P. gingivalis identification, probing pocket depth, and interproximal sites was 71.1% in predicting successful site-specific outcomes. The salivary biomarker model yielded an overall accuracy of 79.4% in predicting whole-mouth outcomes following NSPT. Conclusions: At baseline, the presence of shallow periodontal pockets at interdental locations with a lower abundance of P. gingivalis is predictive of a favorable response to NSPT at the site level. Decreased salivary MMP-9 associated with increased GST and Annexin-1 levels can predict successful whole-mouth outcomes following NSPT.

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Non surgical periodontal treatment in patients with gingivitis and moderate periodontitis. Biochemical and microbiological response

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

Efficacy of Papain-Arginine Gel on Gingivitis Treatment Caused by Orthodontic Appliances

Efficacy of Papain-Arginine Gel on Gingivitis Treatment Caused by Orthodontic Appliances

Photodynamic Therapy Using 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (Ala) for the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Prospective Case Series

Microbiological and Salivary Biomarkers Successfully Predict Site-Specific and Whole-Mouth Outcomes of Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment

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