Non‐surgical periodontal therapy reduces salivary adipocytokines in chronic periodontitis patients with and without obesity

Al-Hamoudi, Nawwaf; Abduljabbar, Tariq; Mirza, Sana; Al-Sowygh, Zeyad H.; Vohra, Fahim; Javed, Fawad; Akram, Zohaib

doi:10.1111/jicd.12314

Cited by 24 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The majority of studies that evaluated IL‐6 in saliva or in GCF did not find significant difference between participants with and without obesity. On the other hand, Balli et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Ten articles included only children and adolescents, 21,23,34,35,43,44,51,53,54,56 whereas 21 included only adults. 22,[24][25][26]33,36,37,[39][40][41][42]45,[47][48][49][50]55,[57][58][59]61 Three articles included children, adolescents, and adults. 38,46,52 Among the 34 included articles, 18 different adipokines were analyzed.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evaluation of adipokines in saliva was carried out in 17 articles. 21,33,34,[36][37][38]41,[45][46][47][48]51,55,[57][58][59]61 Analysis of GCF was performed in 15 articles. [22][23][24]26,35,39,40,[42][43][44]49,50,[52][53][54] Two studies 25,56 evaluated adipokines in both saliva and GCF.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 10 studies, 33,41,44,[46][47][48]51,52,54,58 the eligibility criteria were not described and in two articles 33,52 the information was unclear, as only the exclusion criteria were provided. Fifteen studies [21][22][23][24]26,39,40,42,44,49,50,54,56,57,59 clearly described the sample, addressing the following aspects: demographic data, study setting, and the recruitment period. In 14 studies 25,38,41,43,[46][47][48][51][52][53][54][55]58,61 information on at least two of these characteristics was missing.…”

Section: Articles In Which the Evaluation Of The Association Between mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five studies 21,33,48,56,57 evaluated the levels of resistin in saliva and showed no significant difference between individuals with and without obesity; one study 59 showed increased levels in individuals with obesity. As regards GCF, two studies 54,56 showed no significant difference between groups.…”

Section: Resistinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between obesity and adipokines levels in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Duffles

Hermont

Abreu

et al. 2019

J Evidence Based Medicine

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Aim This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to compare adipokines’ levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva between individuals with obesity and individuals without obesity. Methods Computerized searches were conducted in four electronic databases (PubMed, Medline via Ovid, Web of Science, and Scopus). Manual searches and a Google Scholar search, limiting the search to the first 100 hits, were also conducted. Two calibrated authors performed the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment of included articles. The quality of the included articles was evaluated using the University of Adelaide Tool. Results The electronic searches retrieved 929 titles/abstracts. Following the removal of duplicated references, 613 titles/abstracts were assessed. Thirty‐four articles were included. Meta‐analysis demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) concentration in saliva was statistically increased in individuals with obesity compared with individuals without obesity (P < 0.05). By contrast, the meta‐analysis showed no difference in the concentrations of resistin, adiponectin, leptin, ghrelin, and interleukin 6 in saliva and of resistin, adiponectin, leptin, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, tumor necrosis factor α, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in GCF between individuals with and without obesity (P > 0.05). Conclusions Individuals with obesity presented higher levels of TNF‐α in saliva than individuals without obesity. TNF‐α in saliva sampling may be a helpful marker for obesity. For the other adipokines, no difference was observed, but the limited availability and heterogeneity of data do not allow us to assertively state whether changes of adipokines in GCF and saliva are associated with obesity.

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“…The majority of studies that evaluated IL‐6 in saliva or in GCF did not find significant difference between participants with and without obesity. On the other hand, Balli et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Articles In Which the Evaluation Of The Association Between mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resistinmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Association between obesity and adipokines levels in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Duffles

Hermont

Abreu

et al. 2019

J Evidence Based Medicine

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Association between periodontitis and metabolic syndrome in the Hamburg City Health Study

Kotin

Walther

Wenzel

et al. 2022

Journal of Periodontology

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Background Previous studies demonstrated an association between severe chronic periodontitis (CP) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, these studies mostly used the outdated National Cholesterol Education Program‐Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP‐ATP) III case definition of MetS. Additionally, CP was rarely diagnosed based on a full‐mouth examination. Thus, the aim of the current study was to re‐evaluate the potential association between CP and MetS in the Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS), a large population‐based survey of middle‐aged and elderly men and women in Germany, in view of more current definitions of MetS and CP. Methods A cross‐sectional study was performed with baseline‐data from participants of the HCHS. Periodontitis severity grades were determined in a random sample of 6,209 participants of which 5,456 had sufficient data to call absence or presence of MetS. Variables defining MetS according to the currently valid harmonized definition were determined and a full‐mouth examination was performed, including determination of the clinical attachment loss, bleeding on probing, and dental plaque index. CP was classified in three grades of severity (none/mild, moderate, and severe). The Kruskal‒Wallis test or the Chi‐squared test were used for descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression models with and without adjustments for potential confounders (age, sex, smoking, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein [hsCRP], energy intake, and physical activity) were used to test for associations. Results The prevalence of MetS (39.0%) increased according to the severity grades of periodontitis (none/mild: 33.6%; moderate: 38.7%, and severe: 46.8%). Multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that severe but not moderate CP was associated with MetS after adjusting for age and sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03 to 1.48; P = 0.02). However, the association was attenuated after additional adjustment for smoking (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.43; P = 0.058) and hsCRP, energy intake, and physical activity (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.36; P = 0.294). Conclusions The use of the more current definitions for MetS and CP confirmed previous observations of an age‐ and sex‐adjusted association between severe CP and MetS. Smoking, high‐energy intake, and low physical activity were identified as important lifestyle‐related confounders. Abdominal obesity, as indicated by elevated waist circumference, was determined as the most important component of MetS in relationship to CP.

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Effects of periodontitis and periodontal treatment on systemic inflammatory markers and metabolic profile in obese and non‐obese rats

Pereira

Jara

Antunes

et al. 2022

Journal of Periodontology

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Background Little is known about a synergistic effect of periodontitis and obesity on systemic biomarkers and a possible effect periodontal treatment may exert. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of periodontitis and periodontal treatment on systemic inflammation and metabolic profile in obese and non‐obese rats. Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided in six groups differentiated by diet and periodontal status: no periodontitis (G1 and G4), untreated ligature‐induced periodontitis (G2 and G5), and treated ligature‐induced periodontitis (G3 and G6). Groups G4, G5, and G6 were exposed to cafeteria diet to induce obesity. Periodontitis was induced by silk ligatures over 4 weeks (G2, G3, G5, and G6). Rats in G3 and G6 received scaling and root planing and were followed for additional 4 weeks. After sacrifice, serum levels of C‐reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐10, IL‐17a, tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNF‐α), glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol (TC) were compared between groups. Results CRP was significantly higher in obese rats with than without periodontitis (G5 = 10.15 versus G4 = 4.47 μg/L, P = 0.01). No beneficial effects of periodontal treatment were observed for CRP levels, IL‐6, IL‐1β, IL‐17a, and TNF‐α, glucose and triglycerides. Treated periodontitis (G6) exhibited significantly lower TC than the periodontitis group (G5) in obese rats. Conclusion Periodontitis increased serum CRP in obese rats, indicating a synergistic role of periodontitis in the systemic inflammatory burden triggered by obesity. The treatment of induced periodontitis reduced TC levels in obese rats.

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Non‐surgical periodontal therapy reduces salivary adipocytokines in chronic periodontitis patients with and without obesity

Abstract: SRP is effective in reducing periodontal inflammation in CP patients with and without obesity. CP seems to be the primary factor that influences periodontal status and the expression of resistin and IL-6 levels in obese and non-obese patients.

Cited by 24 publications

References 42 publications

Association between obesity and adipokines levels in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Association between obesity and adipokines levels in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Association between periodontitis and metabolic syndrome in the Hamburg City Health Study

Effects of periodontitis and periodontal treatment on systemic inflammatory markers and metabolic profile in obese and non‐obese rats

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