Non-Structural Best Management Practice Pollutant Load Reduction Estimation Method

Johnson Creek Bacteria TMDL Implementation: Status and Trend Analysis Study

“…While these efforts are of value, they may not contribute significantly to E. coli loading reductions. A study by Gray et al (2015) found that educational outreach activities may decrease E. coli loading by approximately 3.6-10.7 %. Furthermore, major source control BMPs conducted by each of the DMAs within the watershed including catch basin cleaning and street sweeping, while recognized as vital practices, are difficult to quantitatively assess.…”

“…Furthermore, literature that addresses educational outreach activities rely on professional judgement to determine a loading reduction. Gray et al (2015) found methods for determining loading reductions from educational outreach to be nonexistent; they attempted to determine bacterial load reductions attributed to educating pet owners by compiling sociological studies and surveys. Bamberg and Moser (2007) conducted a sociological study to assess correlations among environmental attitude, guilt, moral obligation, behavior, and awareness.…”

“…The study found that 18% of behavior change can be explained by increasing awareness of a problem. Using these findings, Gray et al (2015) applied 18% as the maximum theoretical bacterial reduction possible for education outreach. However, because other educational activities not related to municipal strategies could influence behavior, a three by three matrix with different levels of influence of pet waste pick up outreach was constructed.…”