Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Use Is Associated with Reduced Risk of Inflammation-Associated Cancers: NIH-AARP Study

Abstract

BackgroundChronic inflammation has been linked to cancers, and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been associated with reduced risk of several cancers. To further refine the magnitude of NSAID-related associations, in particular for cancers related to inflammation, such as alcohol-, infection-, obesity-, and smoking-related cancers, as well as for less common cancers, we evaluated the use of NSAIDs and cancer risk in a very large cohort. We used propensity scores to account for potential selection bias and hypothesized that NSAID use is associated with decreased cancer incidence.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study among 314,522 participants in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Individuals who completed the lifestyle questionnaire, which included NSAID use, in 1996–1997 were followed through 2006. Information on cancer incidence was ascertained by linking to cancer registries and vital status databases.FindingsDuring 2,715,994 person-years of follow-up (median 10.1 person-years), there were 51,894 incident cancers. Compared with non-users of NSAIDs, individuals who reported use in the 12 months prior to interview had a significantly lower risk of all inflammation-related cancer, alcohol-related, infection-related, obesity-related, and smoking-related cancers [hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI)) 0.90 (0.87–0.93), 0.80 (0.74–0.85), 0.82 (0.78–0.87), 0.88 (0.84–0.92), and 0.88 (0.85–0.92) respectively)].ConclusionsAfter accounting for potential selection bias, our data showed an inverse association between NSAID use and alcohol-related, infection-related, obesity-related, and smoking-related cancers and support the hypothesis that inflammation is related to an increased risk of certain cancers.

Importance of Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio in Prediction of PSA Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy

“…The effect of inflammation and immune response against inflammation on carcinogenesis has been shown in various studies (Shebl et al, 2014). The detection of immune response against tumor with certain markers is quite easy in clinical practice.…”

“…Previous studies have shown that systemic inflammation have an important role in cancer development (Shebl et al, 2014). Similarly, a cancer related inflammatory response occurs in oncologic patients and the severity of this response can be measured with certain indicators in blood (Cetin et al, 2013).…”

Evidence For and Against a Pathogenic Role of Reduced γ-Secretase Activity in Familial Alzheimer’s Disease

“…The "protective mutation" in A␤PP (A673T) identified in studies of the Icelandic population and that reduces BACE1 cleavage of A␤PP by around 40% [159] can be seen in this light. The mutation may well be reducing the cellular dysfunction that can accompany an over-vigorous protective response, much as reducing inflammatory responses can reduce cancer risk [160] or improve wound healing [161]. This is supported by the work of Weihong Song and colleagues [162] who showed that, in fact, the most common site of cleavage of A␤PP by BACE1 is the ␤' site that prevents A␤ formation by forming a shorter peptide (see Fig.…”

The possible role of embryonic polarity axes for the normalization of tissue function induced by the interaction between human bilateral parts

“…Cancer regression induced by the OuDP using the contralateral hand may also indicate the importance of embryonic polarity to cancer development. The anti-inflammatory effect of the OuDP may also facilitate the regression of cancer [20], but contemporary anti-inflammatory treatments for cancer only show the capability to prevent cancer or minimize cancer-associated inflammatory symptoms [21,22].…”