Non-starch polysaccharides and broiler performance on diets containing soyabean meal as the sole protein concentrate

Abstract

The total water-soluble and water-insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) were determined in seven soyabean meals processed in Australia, three soyabean meals processed in the U.S.A., and one sunflower meal processed in Australia. Sunflower meal had a higher content of total NSP than any of the soyabean meals, due mainly to increased concentrations of cellulose and xylose in the insoluble NSP and uronic acids in the soluble NSP. Galactose and fucose concentrations were much greater in the insoluble NSP of soyabean meals. Soyabean meals processed in the U.S.A. had lower concentrations of total NSP, cellulose and xylose than equivalent meals processed in Australia. Broiler chickens fed diets containing soyabean meal as the sole dietary protein concentrate grew significantly more poorly than broilers fed isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets in which approximately 25% of the soyabean meal was replaced with sunflower meal. There was a significant (P < 0.05) negative correlation (r2 = 0.57) between the water-soluble xylose content of the soyabean meals and the improvement in growth observed with sunflower meal supplementation. Multi-enzyme preparations designed to act on soyabean meal NSP substrates failed to induce any improvement in the growth of broilers fed soyabean meal diets. The poor performance of broilers fed the soyabean meal diets did not appear to be related to inadequate processing or to the NSP content or composition of the soyabean meals. Measurement of free sugars in the supernatant of the digesta in the ileum indicated that the stachyose derived from the oligosaccharides of soyabean meals appeared to exert an antinutritive effect when soyabean meal was present at high concentrations as the sole protein concentrate in broiler diets.

Replacement of soybean meal with roasted full-fat soybeans from high-protein or conventional cultivars in diets for broiler chickens

“…Irish and Balnave (1993a) found that growth of broiler chickens was consistently lower in a number of trials when SBM was the sole source of supplemental protein in sorghum-wheat based diets. Further research indicated that the water-soluble xylose content of the SBM influenced the growth of the broilers and that multi-enzyme preparations designed to act on the non-starch polysaccharide fraction of the meals did not improve growth (Irish and Balnave 1993b). An inverse relationship was indicated in the results of both Waldroup and Cotton (1974) and Leeson et al (1987) between dietary roasted soybean levels and growth of broiler chickens during the starter period (28 or 21 d, respectively).…”

A Development of DDS Based Chirp Signal Generator and X-Band Transmitter-Receiver for Small SAR Sensor

“…In broilers, it was observed that the concentration of free sugars in the supernatant of the digesta from the distal small intestine demonstrated a number of significant negative correlations with performance (Irish and Balnave, 1993). Weight gain and feed intake were significantly correlated with the concentration of stachyose, raffinose and sucrose; feed conversion with the concentration of stachyose and raffinose.…”

“…Poor growth performance has been observed when broilers were fed diets containing soybean meal (SBM) as the sole dietary protein source (Irish and Balnave, 1993). It was observed that the poor growth of broilers fed SBM as the sole protein source was more pronounced with meals processed in Australia compared with the meals processed in USA.…”

“…It was observed that the poor growth of broilers fed SBM as the sole protein source was more pronounced with meals processed in Australia compared with the meals processed in USA. This response was assumed to be related to the higher fiber content of Australian processed meals (Irish and Balnave, 1993). The poor growth performance could not be explained by the digestibility or the amount of essential amino acids, or the process of heat treatment of the SBM tested.…”

“…A significant relationship was observed between the water-soluble xylose content of the soybean meals and the improvement in weight gain obtained when sunflower meal replaced some of the soybean meal. Measurement of free sugars in the supernatant of the digesta in the ileum indicated that the stachyose derived from the oligosaccharides of SBM appeared to exert an anti-nutritive effect when SBM was present at high concentrations as the sole protein source in broiler diets (Irish and Balnave, 1993).…”