Non-Specific Low Back Pain, Dietary Salt Intake, and Posterior Lumbar Subcutaneous Edema

Brown, Ronald B.

doi:10.3390/ijerph19159158

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The authors determined cutoff values to predict low back pain and spine degeneration for females (subcutaneous fat thickness > 8.45 mm) and males (> 9.4 mm) 62 . Furthermore, diet—particularly dietary salt intake—may influence lumbar subcutaneous edema, which could in turn influence non-specific low back pain 63 . Clinical practitioners should factor in such changes in subcutaneous tissue thickness and composition when examining thoracolumbar soft tissue structures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing reliability and validity of different stiffness measurement tools on a multi-layered phantom tissue model

Bartsch

Brandl

Weber

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Changes in the mechanical properties (i.e., stiffness) of soft tissues have been linked to musculoskeletal disorders, pain conditions, and cancer biology, leading to a rising demand for diagnostic methods. Despite the general availability of different stiffness measurement tools, it is unclear as to which are best suited for different tissue types and the related measurement depths. The study aimed to compare different stiffness measurement tools’ (SMT) reliability on a multi-layered phantom tissue model (MPTM). A polyurethane MPTM simulated the four layers of the thoracolumbar region: cutis (CUT), subcutaneous connective tissue (SCT), fascia profunda (FPR), and erector spinae (ERS), with varying stiffness parameters. Evaluated stiffness measurement tools included Shore Durometer, Semi-Electronic Tissue Compliance Meter (STCM), IndentoPRO, MyotonPRO, and ultrasound imaging. Measurements were made by two independent, blinded examiners. Shore Durometer, STCM, IndentoPRO, and MyotonPRO reliably detected stiffness changes in three of the four MPTM layers, but not in the thin (1 mm thick) layer simulating FPR. With ultrasound imaging, only stiffness changes in layers thicker than 3 mm could be measured reliably. Significant correlations ranging from 0.70 to 0.98 (all p < 0.01) were found. The interrater reliability ranged from good to excellent (ICC(2,2) = 0.75–0.98). The results are encouraging for researchers and clinical practitioners as the investigated stiffness measurement tools are easy-to-use and comparatively affordable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing reliability and validity of different stiffness measurement tools on a multi-layered phantom tissue model

Bartsch

Brandl

Weber

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…Migraine headaches in particular are often comorbid with MS [77], and evidence suggests that sodium chloride intake is associated with migraine headache pain [78]. Sodium chloride intake is also associated with posterior lumbar subcutaneous edema in nonspecific low back pain [79]. Coincidently, a recent study of the French MS population found that the prevalence of lower back pain is two to three times higher than in the general population [80].…”

Section: Migraine Non-specific Low Back Pain and Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Sclerosis and Sodium Toxicity: Controversy and Future Directions for Low-Salt Interventions

Brown

2023

Sclerosis

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Salt intake is associated with multiple sclerosis; however, controversial findings that challenge this association rely primarily on methods that do not measure total sodium storage within the body, such as food surveys and urinary sodium excretion. In contrast, tissue sodium concentrations measured with sodium MRI confirm high sodium levels in multiple sclerosis, suggesting a role for sodium toxicity as a risk factor for the disease. Research on demyelination in the central nervous system has identified myelin phase transitions associated with increased salinity, which cause structural instabilities of myelin sheaths and add further evidence implicating sodium toxicity as a causative factor in multiple sclerosis. Inflammatory and immune responses in multiple sclerosis are also related to high sodium intake. In addition, salt is a potential mediating factor associating multiple sclerosis with comorbidities, including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatic arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and cardiovascular disease. Current confusion exists over classifying dietary sodium intake levels as low, normal, and high, and questions remain over levels of sodium restriction necessary for disease prevention. To reduce multiple sclerosis symptoms and prevent disease progression in patients, future research should investigate low-salt interventions with levels of sodium intake associated with ancestral hunter-gatherer tribes.

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“…Low back pain (LBP) is a widespread global health problem, a cause of long-term health problems for people across different incomes levels and countries ( 1 , 2 ). According to the Global Burden of Disease Study of 2019 (GBD 2019), LBP was the leading cause of years lived with disability (YLDs) worldwide, accounting for about 7.4% (range: 6.2%–8.7%) of the total global YLDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digoxin protects against intervertebral disc degeneration via TNF/NF-κB and LRP4 signaling

Meng,

Liu,

Liu

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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BackgroundIntervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a leading cause of low back pain (LBP). The pathological process of IVDD is associated with inflammatory reactions and extracellular matrix (ECM) disorders. Digoxin is widely used for treating heart failure, and it has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects.ObjectiveThis study is to investigate the role of digoxin in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration as well as the involved molecular mechanism, particularly the potential target protein.MethodsWe exploited a rat needle model to investigate digoxin’s role in intervertebral disc degeneration in vivo. Safranin O staining was used to measure cartilaginous tissue in the intervertebral disc. The morphological changes of intervertebral discs in animal models were determined by Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) staining and the pathological score. Primary nucleus pulposus cells (NP cells) from intervertebral discs of patients and murine were used in the present study. Western-Blotting assay, Real-time PCR assay, immunofluorescence staining, and immunochemistry were used to detect the role of digoxin in anti-TNF-α-induced inflammatory effects in vitro. Transfection of siRNA was used to regulate low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4 (LRP4) expression in NP cells to investigate the potential protein target of digoxin.ResultsDigoxin protected against intervertebral disc degeneration in rat needle models. Digoxin was found to exert its disc-protective effects through at least three different pathways by a) suppressing TNF-α-induced inflammation, b) attenuating ECM destruction, c) significantly promoting ECM anabolism. Additionally, LRP4 was found to be the downstream molecule of digoxin in NP cells for anti-inflammation and regulation of ECM metabolism. The knockdown of LRP4 downregulated the protective effect of digoxin in NP cells.ConclusionThese findings suggest that digoxin may be a potential therapeutic agent for intervertebral disc degeneration through anti-catabolism and pro-anabolism. Digoxin might also work as an alternative for other inflammation-related diseases.

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Non-Specific Low Back Pain, Dietary Salt Intake, and Posterior Lumbar Subcutaneous Edema

Cited by 6 publications

References 56 publications

Assessing reliability and validity of different stiffness measurement tools on a multi-layered phantom tissue model

Assessing reliability and validity of different stiffness measurement tools on a multi-layered phantom tissue model

Multiple Sclerosis and Sodium Toxicity: Controversy and Future Directions for Low-Salt Interventions

Digoxin protects against intervertebral disc degeneration via TNF/NF-κB and LRP4 signaling

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