Non-reciprocal phase transitions

Fruchart, Michel; Hanai, Ryo; Littlewood, P. B.; Vitelli, Vincenzo

doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03375-9

Cited by 313 publications

(236 citation statements)

References 287 publications

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“…In contrast, energy-consuming colloids have the potential to assemble mobile structures by leveraging unusual non-reciprocal interactions arising away from equilibrium 9 – 12 . In practice, functional micromachines prominently use concerted behavior of internally driven parts 13 – 19 and monolithic templates to position active agents 20 – 24 and encode function: microswimmers power micrometric gears 16 – 18 , and dynamical micromachines assemble from field-induced interactions 25 , 26 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metamachines of pluripotent colloids

2021

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Machines enabled the Industrial Revolution and are central to modern technological progress: A machine’s parts transmit forces, motion, and energy to one another in a predetermined manner. Today’s engineering frontier, building artificial micromachines that emulate the biological machinery of living organisms, requires faithful assembly and energy consumption at the microscale. Here, we demonstrate the programmable assembly of active particles into autonomous metamachines using optical templates. Metamachines, or machines made of machines, are stable, mobile and autonomous architectures, whose dynamics stems from the geometry. We use the interplay between anisotropic force generation of the active colloids with the control of their orientation by local geometry. This allows autonomous reprogramming of active particles of the metamachines to achieve multiple functions. It permits the modular assembly of metamachines by fusion, reconfiguration of metamachines and, we anticipate, a shift in focus of self-assembly towards active matter and reprogrammable materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metamachines of pluripotent colloids

2021

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“…A quantum system coupled to its environment generally suffers from particle loss and decoherence, thus exhibiting qualitatively different phenomena from an isolated conservative system. Much insight can be obtained of these open quantum systems by resorting to a non-Hermitian description [1,2], under which a wealth of intriguing features naturally emerge, including parity-time symmetry and spectral singularity [3][4][5][6], non-reciprocal and chiral transport [7], as well as non-Hermitian topology and unconventional band theory [8][9][10][11]. Within this context, a particularly fascinating phenomenon is the recently discovered non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of Non-Hermitian Skin Effect and Topology in Ultracold Atoms

Liang¹,

Xie²,

Dong³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Addition of non-reciprocal flavour to specific interactions turns the equilibrium multifarious selfassembly model into the non-equilibrium multifarious self-organization model with new shape shifting property. Inspired by recent diverse physical models with non-reciprocal interactions [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], we introduce nonreciprocal interactions between the tiles as follows. We define…”

Section: B Non-reciprocal Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Broken action-reaction symmetry has been recently explored in active matter in the context of nonequilibrium phoretic interactions between catalytically active colloids and enzymes [12], and shown to lead formation of self-propelled active molecules that break time-reversal symmetry [13], oscillating active complexes that break time-translation symmetry [14], chiral boundstates [15], and active phase separation with specified stoichiometry [16,17]. Non-reciprocal interactions have been found to lead to rich physical phenomena involving various forms of spontaneous symmetry-breaking in other related non-equilibrium contexts [18][19][20][21][22][23][24], including early work in the context of asymmetric neural networks [25,26]. We note that a number of strategies have been recently pursued towards experimental realization of shape-shifting soft matter structures [27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-reciprocal multifarious self-organization

Osat¹,

Golestanian²

2022

Preprint

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A hallmark of living systems is the ability to employ a common set of versatile building blocks that can self-organize into a multitude of different structures, in a way that can be controlled with minimal cost. This capability can only be afforded in non-equilibrium conditions, as evident from the energy-consuming nature of the plethora of such dynamical processes. In the last three decades, synthetic self-assembly has experienced a significant boost with the development of tools to design specific interactions at different scales, from nucleic acids and peptides to proteins and colloids. To achieve automated dynamical control of such self-assembled structures and transitions between them, we need to identify the relevant fundamental aspects of non-equilibrium dynamics that can enable such processes. Here, we identify programmable non-reciprocal interactions as a potential paradigm using which such functionalities can be achieved. In particular, we propose a model that enables a system to learn and retrieve predetermined desired structures and transition between them, thus behaving as a shape-shifter. The learning rule is composed of reciprocal interactions that lead to the equilibrium assembly of the structures, and non-reciprocal interactions that give rise to non-equilibrium dynamical transitions between the structures.

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Non-reciprocal phase transitions

Cited by 313 publications

References 287 publications

Metamachines of pluripotent colloids

Metamachines of pluripotent colloids

Observation of Non-Hermitian Skin Effect and Topology in Ultracold Atoms

Non-reciprocal multifarious self-organization

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